Present Tense Verbs
Conjugate hablar (yo) in the present tense.
Hablo
Use preterite or imperfect: “Ayer, yo (comer) pizza.”
comí (preterite)
Which verb: ser or estar? “Madrid ___ en España.”
está (location = estar)
Replace the object: “Yo tengo el libro.” --> “Yo ___ tengo.”
lo --> “Yo lo tengo.”
What does it mean when a verb is reflexive in Spanish?
The subject performs and receives the action (ex: lavarse = to wash oneself)
What’s the correct present tense form of comer for ellos?
Comen
Choose the correct form: “Cuando era niño, siempre (jugar) en el parque.”
jugaba (imperfect)
Use ser or estar: “Ella ___ cansada.”
está (temporary condition)
What’s the indirect object pronoun for “a ella”?
le
Conjugate lavarse (yo) in the present tense.
Me lavo
Conjugate vivir for nosotros in the present tense.
Vivimos
What’s the main difference between the preterite and imperfect?
Preterite = completed actions; Imperfect = ongoing/repeated/past descriptions
List three uses of ser and three uses of estar.
Ser: identity, origin, time/date; Estar: location, condition, emotion
Rewrite with both DOP & IOP: “Juan da el regalo a mí.”
“Juan me lo da.”
Choose the correct reflexive pronoun: “Nosotros ___ despertamos temprano.”
nos
What are the endings for regular -AR verbs in the present tense?
-AR endings: o, as, a, amos, áis, an
Conjugate tener in the preterite for él.
tuvo
Conjugate ser and estar in the present tense (all forms).
Ser: soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son — Estar: estoy, estás, está, estamos, estáis, están
What comes first: the direct object pronoun or indirect object pronoun?
Indirect object pronoun comes first: IOP + DOP
Rewrite using reflexive pronouns: “Ella maquilla a sí misma.”
Corrected: “Ella se maquilla.”
Name two irregular "yo" forms in the present tense and their infinitives.
hago (from hacer), salgo (from salir)
Give one example of when you would use the imperfect over the preterite and explain why.
"Yo leía cuando sonó el teléfono." → Imperfect used for background/ongoing action
Explain how the meaning of the sentence changes: “El chico es listo” vs. “El chico está listo.”
“Es listo” = smart (personality); “Está listo” = ready (temporary state)
Rewrite: “María compra flores para su madre.” (Use both pronouns)
“María se las compra.” (le changes to se before las)
What’s the difference in meaning between “ir” and “irse”? Give examples.
“Ir” = to go, ex: “Voy al parque.” / “Irse” = to leave, ex: “Me voy de la fiesta.”