parts of the eye
the white of the eyes
scalera
what is commonly known as the eardrum
tympanic membrane
when light first enters the eye it passes through the ________
cornea
abnormal ringing or tinkling noise in the ear
tinnitis
what is blepharoptosis
drooping or prolapse of the eyelid -
symptoms include itching and burning, crusted eyelids, loss of eyelashes
what is the levator palpebrae superioris
7th muscle of the eye - moves the eyelid
colored portion of the eye - what two sets of muscles are found here
iris
radial muscles - dilate the pupil to allow more light in
circular muscles - constrict the pupil to allow less light in
the cartilaginous flap that has the ear lobe - visible part of the ear where sound vibrations are first drawn into the ear
auricle (pinna)
where does sound end? after it passes through the auditory nerves
Brain
a middle ear infection
otitis media
the inability to perceive visual colors sharply
color blindness
progressive eye disease causing damage to the optic nerve - intra-ocular pressure
causes severe visual impairment
2 types
open angle (most common type- approximately 90% of cases) - most of the time goes unnoticed until increased intra-ocular pressure
closed angle - severe intra-ocular pressure - if pressure isn't relieved in 24 hrs it can lead to blindness - this is a medical emergency
glaucoma
what is the gel like substance that is found in the vitreous chamber of the eye. this assists the sclera in maintaining the shape of the eye
vitreous humor
the 3 bones of the middle ear
malleus (hammer)
incus (anvil)
stapes (stirrup)
sound first enters the ear through the ______ before passing through the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
auditory canal
refractive error involving an abnormally shaped cornea and irregularly focused light rays
astigmatism
incision into the ear
this is the medical term for nearsightedness
(I CAN see close up, can not see far away)
primary cause is due to the shape of the eye (too long/oval shape)
myopia
this gland is found in the upper outer edge of the eyelid
It secretes ________ in a constant flow, to cleanse and lubricate the eye. It will increase production if there is a foreign body, irritation, or as a emotional response.
lacrimal gland secretes lacrimal fluid (tears)
the auditory tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx - assists in equalizing middle ear pressure with atmospheric pressure
eustachian tube
the true organ of hearing
organ of corti
a sensation of dizziness, associated with balance, equilibrium, or inner ear problems is called?
vertigo
what is diabetic retinopathy
disease of the retina directly related to type 1 or type 2 diabetes
can lead to blindness - most common reason for blindness in adults
symptoms include blurred vision, floaters, and decreased peripheral vision
what are the 4 types of refraction errors and how are they treated
astigmatism (abnormally shaped cornea)
myopia (oval or too long eyeball shape)
hyperopia (short eyeball shape)
presbyopia (due to old age - usually causes hyperopia - can see far, need reading glasses for up close vision)
treated with glasses or contact
these days laser eye repair is an option as well
the sensitive nerve layer of the eye where the specialized cells are found that allow for color and black and white vision. It also transmits the image through the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation
retina
this is the "snail" shaped structure of the ear that contains auditory fluids that aid in sound vibrations. The Organ of Corti is found here
cochlea
located posterior the iris, this colorless biconvex structure aids in focusing the images clearly on the retina
lens
increased ocular pressure
glaucoma
what is presbyopia
loss of vision due to old age
The condition known as _______________ is characterized by severe vertigo (dizziness) and tinnitus (ringing in the ears). Violent attacks may last from 10 minutes to hours and cause severe nausea, vomiting, and perspiration.
Menieres disease