Organization in Plants and Animals
the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms
Cells
-all living & once-living organisms are made of cells
-new cells are created by old cells dividing
-all cells are similar to each other but not identical
-cells are the basic building unit of life
cell theory
a membrane-bound structure inside a cell that performs a specialized function.
organelle
List in order from smallest to largest, the organization of living things.
Cells ----> ____ ----> ____ ----> ____ ---> ____
Cells ----> tissues ----> organs ----> organ systems ---> the living organisms.
a mass of similar cells that perform a specialized function
tissues
do NOT have a nucleus
Prokaryotic cells
a membrane-bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the DNA (like the brain of the cell)
nucleus
ingests and breaks-down the cell’s waste products (like compost)
lysosome
a collection of similar tissues joined together into a structure that performs specialized functions
organs
have a nucleus and nuclear membrane
Eukaryotic cells
the jelly-like material inside the outer membrane of a cell that holds the nucleus, organelles, and other components of the cell
cytoplasm
a large, water filled organelle present in all plant and fungal cells and some animal and bacterial cells
vacuole
a collection of organs that work together to perform specialized functions
Organ system
the way something is built, arranged or organized
structure
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that functions in energy production, the power factory/house of the cell (like a generator supplying electricity)
mitochondrion
an oval-shaped membrane-bound organelle in plants that is the site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
a self-contained living thing
Organism
the special purpose or activity for which a thing exists or is used
function
a lipid barrier that encloses the cytoplasm and controls what enters and exits the cell
cell membrane
a tough, protective barrier that surrounds the outer membrane of PLANT cells; helps maintain shape under changing water pressure
Cell wall