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Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Law
Best Practices
Educational Considerations
100
Skills needed to adapt to one's living environment (e.g., communication, self-care, home living, social skills, community use, health and safety, leisure, work, etc.). This is one of two major components of the intellectual disability definition.
What is adaptive behavior?
100
This term refers to the "dos and don'ts" of everyday living that most people learn incidentally or with very little instruction from others: behaviors or ways of acting that most of us take for granted.
What is the hidden curriculum?
100
This educational law requires that students with and without disabilities undergo standardized testing to ensure all students are on grade level by 2014.
What is NCLB or No Child Left Behind?
100
Instruction where teachers provide assistance to students when they are first learning tasks, and then gradually reduce assistance so that eventually students to the tasks independently.
What is scaffolded instruction?
100
Focuses on the details of the instructional process. This teaching approach stresses a systematic analysis of the concept being taught. This is a teacher-centered approach to teaching.
What is direct instruction?
200
A hierarchy of interventions that become progressively more intensive. The student's progress with each intervention is monitored. Lack of progress requires students move up tiers to a stronger intervention.
What is response-to-intervention (RTI)?
200
This term refers to the rules about using language for social purposes.
What is pragmatics?
200
This special education law ensures all students have the right to a free appropriate public education (FAPE).
What is IDEA or the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act?
200
Students keep track of their own behavior, often through the use of two components: self-evaluation and self-recording.
What is self-monitoring?
200
The person with the disability is encouraged to make his/her own decisions as much as possible throughout the planning process.
What is person-centered planning?
300
The repetition of a behavior over and over again.
What is perseveration?
300
This type of language disorder has no known cause.
What is a primary language disorder?
300
This is part of IDEA and requires that students with disabilities be educated with their non-disabled peers to the maximum extent possible.
What is LRE?
300
This training refers to teaching children who are blind how to navigate their environment to determine a significant level of independence and social integration.
What is orientation and mobility training?
400
The co-occurrence of two or more conditions in the same individual.
What is comorbidity?
400
This refers to any manual or electronic means by which a person expresses wants and needs, shares information, engages in social closeness, or manages social etiquette. This includes everything from sign language to computerized communication devices.
What is augmentative and alternative communication?
400
This civil rights legislation ensures that persons with disabilities are not discriminated upon in a range of activities (e.g., work, transportation, etc.)
What is ADA or Americans with Disabilities Act?
400
The exchange of pictures for an object or action for the actual object or action. This is used most often as a means of communication for kids with autism (who have minimal to no spoken language).
What is PECS or Picture Exchange Communication System?
400
This in-depth process analyzes a student's behavior problems to determine the function of the inappropriate behaviors.
What is a functional behavior assessment?
500
The repetition of words or phrases.
What is echolalia?
500
This term refers to defects that a child is born with.
What are congenital abnormalities?
500
IDEA or the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act requires students with special needs have this legal documented created (at least annually) that documents the student's goals and objectives for the year.
What is an IEP or Individualized Education Program?
500
The educational methods for young children that are compatible with their developmental levels and that meet their individual needs.
What are developmentally appropriate practices?
500
Children who are under the age of three who need special education and related services have one of these legal binding documents (required by IDEA).
What is an IFSP or individualized family service plan?