Show:
Articulation & Phonology
Speech/Motor Disorders - "The Dysarthrias"
Voice Disorders
AAC
Approaches & Evaluations
100
One is a speech (physical process) deficit and affect ONE sound at a time. The second is a language (rule system) deficit and affects GROUPS of sounds. 
What is the difference between an articulation and a phonology disorder? 
100
A "neurologic speech disorder that reflects an impaired capacity to plan or program sensorimotor commands necessary for directing movements that result in phonetically and prosodically normal speech". 


Frequently co-occurs with dysarthria and/or aphasia. 

What is AOS and its commonly co-occurring disorders? 
100
Present when an individual expresses concern about having an abnormal voice that does not meet daily needs. EVEN when others do not perceive it as different. 
What are voice disorders? 
100
Includes all forms of communication (other than oral speech) that are used to express thoughts, needs, wants and ideas. 
What is Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC)?
100
Used to assess both the structure and function of the vocal mechanism. 
What is the Oral Mechanism Examination used to assess? 
200
SODA

Substitutions- "Big -> Pig"

Omissions- "Play -> Pay"

Distortions- "Fish -> Fish w/ Lisp"

Additions- "Blue -> Buhlue"


What is SODA? 
200
Reduced overall speech rate, phoneme distortions/additions, inconsistent sound production, equal stress across syllables. 


-or-

Demonstration of slurred, choppy, or mumbled speech. Slow/rapid rate of speech, limited tongue lip and jaw movement, abnormal pitch and rhythm when speaking, and changes in voice quality. 

What are signs/symptoms of Apraxia? Dysarthria? 


200
Typically physiological in nature and results from alterations in respiratory, laryngal or vocal tract mechanisms. 
What is an organic voice disorder? 


200
Predominantly used for individuals with Autism. Picture system that works in phases to ultimately have an individual communicate by exchanging desired items on pictures with a communication partner. 
What is Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)?
200
To rule out any hearing deficits that may be influencing speech/language production. 
Why is it important to do a hearing screening? 
300
Establishment, Generalization, & Maintenance 
What are the three phases of therapy for a speech sound disorder? 


300
A motor speech disorder. Resulting from impaired movement of the muscles used for speech production. The type and severity may depend on the portion of the nervous system that is affected. 
What is Dysarthria? 
300
Results from improper use of the vocal mechanism when the physical structure is normal.
What is a functional voice disorder?
300
1. What is the best way for the client to access the communication strategies? 

2. What kind of language system is appropriate for the client? 

3. What devices/communication systems exist that match the AAC users strengths and needs? 

What are questions that an AAC assessment should answer? 
300
1. Connected speech sample (conversation/story telling)

2. Narrative 

3. Play activity

What are three informal assessments?


400
Client-specific approach & Degree of deviance/impact on intelligibility. 
What are two approaches to treating articulation and phonological disorders? 
400
Improving breath support, strengthen muscles, increasing lip/tongue movement, improving speech sound production for CLEAR speech. 
What are treatment goals for a Dysarthria patient? 


400
Roughness, aphonia, breathiness, pulsed, asthenia and tremulous. 
What are signs and symptoms of a voice disorder? 
400
-Individuals strengths and current communication competencies.

-Possible barriers that can prevent the individual from achieving their full potential. 

- Cognitive, visual, linguistic and physical abilities. 

What is it important to consider when choosing an AAC device? 
400
Used to target phonological processes (error patterns) by targeting each process for a short period of time and then cycling through other phonological processes.
What is the cycles approach?
500
Target sounds are selected based on order of acquisition in typically developing children. 

-or-

Motivated approaches, including complexity approach- targets get more complex. Cascading generalization learning of sounds. 

What is developmental and non-developmental target selection? 
500
______ is a motor planning disorder & _____ is a muscle weakness. 
What is the difference between Apraxia and Dysarthria? 
500
Focuses on manipulating the voice mechanisms in order to modify vocal behaviors and establishing healthy voice production. 


-and- 

Modifying the cognitive, behavioral, psychological and physical environments in which voicing occurs.

What is a direct and indirect treatment approach? 
500
Range from paper and pencil, to communication books/boards, to devices that produce voice output. Some devices can be programmed to produce specific languages. 


-and- 


Doesn't require a specific device. Relies on body signs, gestures, and tactile cues to communicate with others. 


What is the difference between an aided and unaided AAC device? 
500

1. Auditory Discrimination

2. Sound in Isolation

3. Sound in Words 

4. Sound in Phrases 

5. Sound in Sentences 

6. Sound in Conversation 

What is Van Riper's traditional motor approach for articulation?