LISTS
Materials of the first industrial revolution: 1, 2, 3, 4.
Materials of the second industrial revolution: 1, 2, 3, 4
Materials of the first industrial revolution: 1. TEXTILES. 2. RAILROADS, 3. IRON, 4. COAL
Materials of the second industrial revolution: 1. STEEL, 2. CHEMICALS, 3. ELECTRICITY, 4. PETROLEUM
THINK ABOUT IT: Steel was a better choice than iron because....
steel is lighter than iron!
so it could be used to build lighter, smaller, and faster, engines, railways, ships, and weapons.
(p. 689)
The assembly line was first used in the United States for 1, 2
Then it moved to Europe
The assembly line was then used in both the United States and Europe for 1, 2, 3, 4
The assembly line was first used in the United States for small weapons and clocks
The assembly line was then used in both the United States and Europe for sewing machines, typewriters, bicycles and automobiles
THINK ABOUT IT: how did electricity affect home life? how did it affect work life?
electricity transformed transportation (electric subways and streetcars) which allowed workers to get to factories, and allowed wealthy to move to suburbs
electricity transformed factories (conveyer belts, cranes, and machines could be located anywhere)
AND
ELECTRICITY ALLOWED FACTORIES TO BE OPEN 24/7
ELECTRICITY ALLOWED HOMES TO OPERATE ON SCHEDULES BEYOND THE RHYTHMS OF THE SEASONS
By the 1900s, Europeans were receiving
+ beef and wool from _____ and _____
+ coffee from ____
+ iron ore from ____
+ sugar from _____
[____ = a country]
+ beef and wool from Argentina and Australia
+ coffee from Brazil
+ iron ore from Algeria
+ sugar from Java
THINK ABOUT IT: how did the development of the internal combustion engine affect society?
it led to the development of ocean liners, airplanes, and the automobile
this led to increased commuting distances, traveling, etc.
additional concept to ponder: how did the development of the internal combustion engine affect war?
THINK ABOUT IT: How did electric-powered streetcars and subways affect cities and workers?
allowed cities to grow even larger, as it enabled workers to get to factories and wealthy people to live in suburbs (p. 690)
THINK ABOUT:
Which countries were industrial?
Which countries were largely agricultural?
Is it right to say the agricultural countries were backward? What did they provide to the industrial countries?
BY 1900, Europe was divided into two economic zones.
INDUSTRIAL: Great Britain, Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Germany, the Western part of the Austrio-Hungarian Empire, and northern Italy
AGRICULTURAL: most of the Austrio-Hungarian empire, southern Italy, Spain, Portugal, Balkan kingdoms, and Russia
The agricultural countries fed the industrial countries, and provided the raw materials