RIVERS
In which modern-day country is the Indus River?
Pakistan.
Remember, the Indus is one of two rivers responsible for ancient Indian civilization.
How do historians believe the Harappan civilization ended?
The Aryans conquered them
What is the time span of this chapter?
3000 BC to 500 AD
In which modern-day country is the Ganges River?
India.
Remember, the Ganges is one of two rivers responsible for ancient Indian civilization.
How can you tell Harappan was a planned civilization?
The structure of Harappan and Mohenjo-Daro make it very clear that this was not a group of settlements wherein each family created a dwelling independently. A method of organization, authority, and some time of governance were necessary in order to create:
+ streets in a grid ran north-south east-west
+ walled neighborhoods with rows of houses
+ houses themselves also built in grid
+ public well supplied water to homes
+ sitting toilets in bathrooms in homes drained to public sewage
+ trash disposal via chute from home to dumpsters
None of those things just organically sprout from people who happen to live near each other -- this all takes planning.
___ caste probably began as a class of enslaved people, while _____ caste is considered priests.
Untouchables; Brahmins
Name the four major river valley civilizations in ancient history. (Bonus: name the rivers responsible for each civilization.)
Egypt (Nile)
Mesopotamia (Tigris & Euphrates)
India (Indus & Ganges)
China (Huang & Yangtze)
What unfortunately happened to Harappan ruins in the 1850s before the Harappan civilization had been officially "discovered"?
British engineers used the ancient bricks to lay a railway
Who were the Aryans? Where did they come from? Where did they settle?
Indo-European nomadic peoples
the Central Steppes
modern-day India, settling from the Ganges River south
What effect did physical geography have on civilization in India?
Rise of civilization: Indus River Valley (farming), Ganges River valley (farming),
Monsoons: irrigation but also catastrophic potential
Physical geography provides natural barrier of protection; it also created core regions inside which civilizations were concentrated. Example: think of the natural borders around the Deccan Plateau, or the Indus River valley
In which modern-day country are Mohenjo-Dara and Harappan?
Pakistan
The Aryan people's writing system is called...
Sanskrit
Which two rivers are responsible for ancient Indian civilization?
Indus and Ganges
What are Mohenjo-Dara and Harappan?
The two major cities of Harappan civilization
What effect did the Aryans have upon Indian civilization?
well first of all....they destroyed Harappan. That's a pretty major effect.
and then also...shifted Indian culture from Indus River valley to Ganges River valley
introduced Sanskrit, Hinduism, and caste system