Pathways & Functions
Fine touch, vibration, and conscious proprioception are carried by this pathway.
What is the DCML?
A lesion in SS1 results in this pattern of sensory loss.
What is contralateral sensory loss?
This test uses a 128 Hz tuning fork placed on bony prominences to assess vibration sense.
What is the vibration (pallesthesia) test?
This muscle originates on the lateral third of the clavicle.
What is the anterior deltoid?
This type of receptor detects pain and is tested using a sharp/dull discrimination tool.
What is a nociceptor?
Pain, temperature, and crude touch are carried by this pathway.
What is the spinothalamic tract?
This type of injury results in bilateral loss of all sensation below the level of the lesion.
What is a complete SCI?
This is the initial distance used to begin testing two-point discrimination.
10 mm
This is the only extrinsic muscle of the hand with dual innervation.
What is the flexor digitorum profundus?
Damage to this brain region causes the inability to interpret complex sensory input.
What is the secondary somatosensory cortex (SS2)?
The 1st and 2nd order neurons of the DCML decussate in this location.
What is the medulla?
A lesion in this cortical area impairs localization and intensity of tactile stimuli.
What is the primary somatosensory cortex (SS1)?
This test kit is used to assess light touch.
What is the Semmes–Weinstein monofilament test?
This is the most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle.
These specialized sensory receptors detect muscle length and rate of stretch.
What are muscle spindles?
The 2nd and 3rd order neurons in the spinothalamic tract decussate in this location.
What is the thalamus?
This term describes abnormal sensations like tingling or “pins and needles.”
What is paresthesia?
During this test, the examiner moves the joint and asks whether it is bent or straight.
What is the position test?
This forearm muscle, absent in about 10–15% of the population, is often harvested for tendon grafts.
What is the palmaris longus?
This sensation is the awareness of joint movement.
What is kinesthesia?
This tract allows you to detect the texture of a fabric without looking at it.
What is the DCML?
This is the absence of pain appreciation.
What is analgesia?
This test measures the ability to perceive and differentiate the weight of objects through touch.
What is barognosis?
This muscle is the main supinator of the forearm.
What is the biceps brachii?
This is the test name for double simultaneous stimulation.
What is extinction?