Speech Production
The filter in the source-filter theory of vowel production.
What is the vocal tract (length, shape)?
The consonant manner of articulation for which the air flow through the vocal tract is completely stopped for a brief period of time.
What is a glide?
From source-filter theory, the part of the respiratory tract that provides information about whether a talker is male or female.
What is the source/glottal wave/vocal folds?
The source in the source-filter theory of vowel production.
What is vocal fold vibration?
What voicing for consonants shows up as on a spectrogram.
What is a low-frequency “voice bar”?
The consonant manner of articulation that is furthest from a vowel.
What is a stop/plosive?
From source-filter theory, the part of the respiratory tract that provides information about whether a person is saying "yay" or "you".
What is the filter/vocal tract?
The fundamental frequency of a voice with 0.007 seconds between each glottal pulse.
What is 143 Hz?
1/0.07 = 143 Hz
TRUE or FALSE: Air passing through the nasal cavity leads to lower formant frequencies.
TRUE
The source in the source-filter theory for fricatives.
What is white noise generated by the constriction at the place of articulation?
The part of source-filter theory that is affected by vocal fry.
The first resonant frequency of a vocal tract that is 16 cm long.
What is about 536 Hz?
34300/(4*16) = 535.94 Hz
TRUE or FALSE: Lip rounding during vowel production reduces the effective length of the vocal tract.
The FILTER in the source-filter theory for fricatives.
What is the vocal tract between the place of articulation and the lips?
The resonances that cause vowel formants.
What are vocal tract (filter) resonances?
The cause of vocal fry.
What is insufficient airflow from the lungs?
TRUE or FALSE: The interdental fricative /f/ should have lower frequency energy than the alveolar fricative /s/.
FALSE
The consonant manner that, in a spectrogram, looks like filtered white noise.
What is a fricative?
The second format frequency for a neutral schwa vowel produced by a vocal tract that is 16 cm long.
What is about 1,608 Hz?
34300/(4*16) = 535.94 Hz (first formant)(LNRF)
535.94*(2N - 1) = 535.94*3 = 1607.82 (second formant)