Hypokinetic Diseases
What is the term for diseases caused by a lack of physical activity?
Hypokinetic disease
What is atherosclerosis?
The narrowing of arteries due to plaque buildup
What is the main difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
Type 1 is autoimmune, type 2 is lifestyle-related
What are the general physical activity guidelines for good health?
Consistency with regular aerobic and strength exercises such as weight lifting or body weight calisthenics.
Define "mood."
Temporary emotional states
Name three examples of hypokinetic diseases
Coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, etc.
Name three major risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Smoking, poor diet, high blood pressure, etc.
Name two major risk factors for type 2 diabetes
Obesity, poor diet, inactivity, genetics
How does exercise benefit individuals with hypokinetic diseases
Improves cardiovascular health, blood sugar control, and mobility
How does exercise improve mood?
Releases endorphins and reduces stress
What are examples of major societal changes that contribute to hypokinetic diseases?
Urbanization, sedentary jobs, reliance on technology, etc.
How is obesity determined?
BMI and body fat percentage
How does bone density change from birth to old age?
Increases in early adulthood, then declines
What are common barriers to physical activity?
Lack of time, motivation, accessibility, and physical limitations
Name two psychological benefits of regular exercise
Enhances self-esteem, reduces anxiety, improves mental clarity
What's a easy and efficient way for populations to decrease the rate of these diseases
Active populations have lower rates of these diseases
What is the concept of energy balance?
Balancing calorie intake and expenditure
Why are females at a higher risk for osteoporosis?
Hormonal changes, especially post-menopause
What are the long-term consequences of osteoporotic fractures?
Chronic pain, disability, loss of independence.
How does exercise help with depression and anxiety?
Promotes brain health and relaxation.
What is the difference between physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness?
Physical activity is any movement, exercise is structured, and physical fitness is the ability to perform tasks efficiently.
How does physical inactivity increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Weakens the heart, increases blood pressure, and raises risk
How does exercise contribute to bone health?
Weight-bearing exercises maintain bone density and reduce osteoporosis risk.
Why is it important to balance exercise adherence?
Too much exercise can cause burnout, injury, or obsessive behavior.
What strategies help people adhere to an exercise routine?
Setting goals, social support, and enjoyable activities