Basic Life Support
What is the name of the electronic device that assists in CPR?
the AED.
Define Percent Body Fat.
portion of total body weight composed of fat tissue
How many vital signs are there? What are they?
4; pulse, respiration, blood pressure, temperature.
Define Pathogen.
any disease-causing microorganism.
What would be Saanvi’s or Ashima’s respiration rate per minute?
15 to 20 breaths per minute
If the victim is choking and coughing?
Encourage coughing.
Define Lean Body Weight.
portion of total body weight composed of nonfat or lean tissue, including muscles, tendons, bones, etc.
What is the normal Blood Pressure reading?
120/80 (normal).
Name one procedure that can prevent the spread of infection.
Washing your hands, practicing good hygiene, etc.
What factors can lead to high blood pressure?
Age, exercise, obesity, food, pain, stress, stimulants, steroids, and some medications (INCREASE)
What procedure must you do if the victim is face down? Be specific!
Log roll
Caloric Balance formula? What happens if the Caloric formula is positive? Negative?
Number of Calories Consumer - Number of Calories Expended = caloric balance
Positive = weight gain
Negative = weight loss
Is systolic or diastolic blood pressure on the top?
Systolic.
What is a susceptible host? What step on the chain of infection is it?
6 (or last): the source, such as a human who accepts the pathogen, and depending on the degree of resistance, supports the pathogen's life and reproduction. Some examples of susceptible hosts include people who are malnourished, have suppressed immune systems, and who are in poor health.
What Factors can lead to low blood pressure?
weight loss, fasting, depression, and blood loss (DECREASE)
At what pace must you compress during CPR?
100 times per minute (Tune of Staying Alive).
Three Macronutrients? Which has the most calories per gram?
Carbohydrates contain 4 kcal per gram.
Proteins contain 4 kcal per gram.
Fats contain 9 kcal per gram (this is roughly double the amount found in the other two macros)
Define BRADYpnea
breathing that is abnormally slow
Describe the third chain of infection.
3. Portal of Exit: the pathogen's route of escape from the reservoir. Examples of portals of exit are breaks in the skin, saliva, reproductive secretions, and blood
What factors can cause both high and low blood pressure?
Gender and Heredity
What is the difference between cardiac arrest, clinical death, and biological death?
Cardiac Arrest - The absence of a heartbeat
Clinical Death - When both respirations and pulse cease
Biological Death - When Brain Cells Die
Anorexia vs. Bulimia prefix?
The main difference between diagnoses is that anorexia nervosa is a syndrome of self-starvation involving significant weight loss of 15 percent or more of ideal body weight, whereas patients with bulimia nervosa are, by definition, at normal weight or above.
What is the normal body temperature?
Normal body temperature is 98.6° Fahrenheit (37° Celsius).
Name a disease that can transfer from bodily fluid?
AIDS, Hepatitis.
Explain the difference between active and passive immunity.
Passive immunity is protection from a disease provided by antibodies created outside of the body. Passive immunity:
Does not require previous exposure to a disease agent
Takes effect immediately
Does not last long (up to a few months)
It can be artificial (injection of antibodies) or maternal (typically through breast milk and placenta).
Active immunity is defined as immunity to a pathogen that occurs following exposure to said pathogen.
When the body is exposed to a novel disease agent, B cells, a type of white blood cell, create antibodies that assist in destroying or neutralizing the disease agent. Antibodies are y-shaped proteins that are capable of binding to sites on toxins or pathogens called antigens.