Stops & Affricates
This is a voiced postalveolar affricate.
What is /dʒ/?
This is a voiceless glottal fricative.
What is /h/?
This is a voiced alveolar lateral approximant.
What is /l/?
[kʰ]
Hint: Identify the kind of allophone indicated by the diacritic shown.
What is an aspirated stop / plosive?
This is the IPA symbol and diacritic that indicates the voiced postalveolar nasal stop that occurs before /ɹ/ in English.
What is [n̠]?
/k/
What is the IPA symbol for a voiceless velar stop?
/v/
What is the IPA symbol for a voiced labiodental fricative?
/ɹ/
What is a voiced postalveolar approximant? (Alternatively you can specify a central approximant or refer to the manner of articulation as being a liquid.)
[p̪]
Hint: Identify the kind of allophone indicated by the diacritic shown.
What is a labiodental allophone? (specifically the allophone of /p/ found before the labiodental fricatives /f/ and /v/)
This is the IPA symbol and diacritic that indicates the voiced dental nasal stop that occurs before dental fricatives in English.
What is [n̪]?
This is the phase in which the articulators (in the oral cavity & raised velum to block of the nasal cavity) are held tightly together to both airflow and allow pressure to build up.
What is the closure phase?
This refers to the kind of constriction created with the tongue to direct the airflow for fricatives, which then becomes turbulent.
What is channel shape?
This is the subgroup of approximants that are not prolongable.
What are glides (AKA semivowels)?
[zʷ]
Hint: Identify the kind of allophone indicated by the diacritic shown.
What is a rounded allophone? (specifically the allophone of /s/ found before rounded vowels)
This is the IPA symbol and diacritic that indicates the voiceless palatal approximant that occurs after voiceless consonants in English.
What is [j̊]?
It is the kind of environment in which a syllable will have the longest vowel.
What is an open syllable (AKA a syllable without consonant(s) in the coda position?
These are all fricative sounds produced with slit shaped channels.
What do /θ/, /ʃ/, /ð/, and /ʒ/ have in common?
These types of sonorant consonants are produced with the velum lowered.
What are nasals?
[k̠]
Hint: Identify the kind of allophone indicated by the diacritic shown.
What is a retracted allophone? (specifically the allophone of /k/ that occurs before back vowels)
This is the IPA symbol that indicates the voiced alveolar flap that occurs before unstressed syllables in English.
What is [ɾ]?
This type of stop is produced with a lot of muscular effort, large airflow, and often longer duration than a stop like /b/.
What is a fortis stop?
This is something that the fricatives /s/, /f/, and /h/ all have in common.
What is a fortis consonant? (You could also refer to voiceless fricatives.)
/ʍ/
What is the IPA symbol for a voiceless labiovelar fricative?
[k̟]
Hint: Identify the kind of allophone indicated by the diacritic shown.
This is a fronted allophone. (specifically the allophone of /k/ found before front vowels)
This is the IPA symbol and diacritic that indicates the allophone of a voiceless alveolar stop that occurs when the release phase of the stop is produced with the articulators remaining relatively close together after separating.
What is [ts]?