Van de Merwe
Name Van de Merwe's 6 boxes of frameworks for speech control
Intention, Content Influence, Linguistic Planning, Motor Planning, Motor Programming, Execution
Intention
Context Influence
Reduce Drive
rate, mode, familiarity, sensitivity, increased complexity, environment
Subsytem examination pros and cons
PRO: able to see which areas are disordered even when respiratory system is intact
CON: doesn't tell us how the system functions as a whole
Non-speech tasks
oral mech
cranial nerve assessment
maximum performance tasks
techniques w/o interprofessional collab
drugs
surgery
prosthetics
neural implants
3 neural structures demonstrating lack of an exclusive association between VdM's levels and CNS
Broca's Area, Basal Ganglia, Sensory Motor Area (SMA)
linguistic planning
paraphasias
dysarthrias (new and old)
hypokinetic (parkinsons- basal ganglia)
hyperkinetic (chorea, dystonia)
spastic (upper motor neuron)
mixed (cerebellar W/ lateral cerebellum)
flaccid (LMN)
ataxic (cerebellar w/o lateral cerebellum)
maximum phonation time
fundamental frequency range
sound pressure range
oral DDK
name compensatory strategies
postural support for respiratoin
adaptive prosthetics for resonance
rate and phrasing modification
AAC
Breakdown's at each level + their disorders
Linguistic Planning - Aphasia
Motor Planning - Apraxia
Motor Programming - Dysarthria, Neuro Stuttering
Execution - Dysarthria
motor planning
slow rate, groping, context sensitivity, inconsistent distortions, substitutions
neurogenic stuttering signs
excessive levels of normal disfluencies, interruptions, cessation of speech, pauses, extraneous mvmt
Variant forms of DDK
alternating
sequential
word level variants
what are manipulations of acoustic input that affect speech
delayed auditory feedback
pitch/format pertubation
phonetic convergence
post-lingual hearing loss
Consequences of lack of exclusive associations
co-occuring disorders are more likely than pure singular ones; disorders at one area can lead to breakdowns in another area
signs and symptoms of disorders can be the result of an interplay between different structures rather than one area
motor programming
rate differences, slow rate, consistent distortions, less context sensitivity
signs of apraxia
groping, highly inconsistent artic errors. inability to increase rate + phonemic integrity while maintaining correct phonemes. speech sound errors w/ preserved linguistic features
formulation tasks
confrontation naming
picture description
story retell
question - response
explain the auditory feedback loop
auditory state map and auditory target map are compared to monitor speech production. if an error is detected, auditory state map excites auditory error map cells. auditory error map sends signals to the feedback control map to make motor adjustments to correct detected errors.
Name associated neural structures
tempo-parieral lobe, broca's area, wenicke's area, prefrontal cortex, SMA, basal ganglia, lateral cerebellum, thalamus, motor cortex, brainstem, fronto-limbic area
execution
articulation distortions, resonance differences, articulatory insufficiency, vocal quality, respiration/prosody, pitch, loudness
differences from developmental stuttering (neuro)
onset is post neuro event; may occur at any point in production of rather than at beginning. occurs in any word class. can occur during any speech task (ie; singing)
four areas of communication for assessment
intelligibility
quality
prosody
fluency
behavior goals targeted by feedback system (DIVA model)
tactile
proprioceptive
speech articulators