Le Chatelier’s Principle
Le Chatelier’s Principle applies only to this type of chemical system
Whats is a system at Equilibrium?
This scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is.
What is the pH scale?
In a conjugate acid-base pair, the conjugate acid always differs from its base by this particle.
What is a proton (H⁺)?
What type of reaction is the following?
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
What is a synthesis reaction?
This is the strongest type of intermolecular force that occurs between molecules containing hydrogen bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine
What is hydrogen bonding?
For the equilibrium N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g), increasing the pressure shifts the equilibrium in this direction
What is to the right (toward ammonia/less moles of gas)?
A substance with a pH less than 7 is considered this.
What is an acid?
Given the balanced equation:
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
What is the mole ratio of hydrogen to oxygen?
What is 2:1?
What is the molar mass of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)?
What is 100.1 g/mol?
These weak intermolecular forces exist between all molecules, especially nonpolar ones.
What are London dispersion forces?
For an endothermic reaction, removing heat is equivalent to removing this, and shifts the equilibrium in this direction
What is a reactant, and to the left?
A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of
1.0× 10⁻⁵ M. What is the pOH of the solution?
What is 9? (First, pH = 5, then pOH = 14 - 5 = 9)
What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 10.0 grams of NaCl (molar mass = 58.5 g/mol) in 500 mL of solution?
What is 0.342 M?
Predict the products of the following double displacement reaction:
Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → ?
What is BaSO₄ + 2NaCl?
What is the chemical formula for calcium chloride?
What is CaCl₂?
A catalyst has this effect on the position of equilibrium
What is no effect (it only increases the rate of reaching equilibrium)?
In the reaction below, label the BLA, BLB, CA, CB, ACBP, and BCAP:
NH₃ + H₂O ⇌ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻
BLA: H₂O
BLB: NH₃
CA: NH₄⁺
CB: OH⁻
ACBP: H₂O / OH⁻
BCAP: NH₃ / NH₄⁺
How many grams of CO₂ are produced from 5.0 grams of C₂H₆ burned in excess oxygen?
C₂H₆ + 3.5O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
What is 14.7 grams of CO₂?
Will this reaction occur? If so, what are the products?
Zn(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → ?
Yes; what is ZnSO₄ + Cu?
What is the name of the compound with the formula HNO₃?
What is nitric acid?
For the equilibrium 2H2O(g)⇌2H2(g)+O2(g), decreasing the volume of the container causes this shift in equilibrium, and for this reason
What is a shift to the left, because the forward reaction produces more moles of gas (3 moles vs. 2)?
This term refers to the equilibrium constant for the ionization of a weak acid in water
What is the acid dissociation constant (Ka)?
In the reaction:
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
You have 4 moles of H₂ and 2 moles of O₂. What is the limiting reactant?
What is H₂?
Balance the following chemical equation:
__Al + __HCl → __AlCl₃ + __H₂
What is 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂?
Water has a higher boiling point than expected for a molecule of its size due to this type of inter molecular attraction
What is hydrogen bonding?