ABCs
In neonates, this heart rate requires immediate positive pressure ventilation.
Below 100
The first medication an EMT should give for suspected ACS when not contraindicated.
Aspirin
This condition presents with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphasia and a "fruity" smell to breath
DKA
BEFAST
Balance
Eyes
Face
Arm
Speech
Time
What type of shock is seen in extreme blood loss?
Hypovolemic
You arrive to find an unresponsive adult with snoring respirations and a strong radial pulse. What should you do first?
Open the airway
What are the 5 rights?
dose, route, med, patient, time
A patient is alert to verbal, answers questions inappropriately, but follows commands. How would you describe their mental status?
GCS 13
3, 4, 6
Obtaining blood pressure, lung sounds, and SAMPLE history belongs to this phase.
Secondary Assessment
Sepsis is dangerous because it leads to this type of shock.
Distributive shock
The most appropriate airway adjunct for a patient with an intact gag reflex.
NPA
This medication relaxes bronchial smooth muscles and treats bronchoconstriction
What is the dose?
Albuterol
2.5mg in 3ml
Double Points!
AEIOU-TIPS
Alcohol, Endocrine/Enviro, Insulin, Overdose, Uremia, Trauma, Infection, Psych/Poison, Stroke/Seizure
Normal Adult Vitals:
HR
BP
RR
BGL
60-100
120/80
12-20
70-120
Why is the heart rate elevated in early signs of shock?
To maintain cardiac output.
Stroke volume is compromised.
A patient with a high fever has an accelerated metabolism and is producing abnormally large amounts of carbon dioxide at the cellular level. To compensate for this effect, what will occur?
Increased Respiratory Rate
This medication is used at what dose for A patient with AMS, pinpoint pupils, and slow respirations.
Narcan
0.5mg-2mg
What is Sepsis/SIRS criteria?
Temp: >100.4 or <96.8
HR: >90
RR: >20
Suspected Source of Infection
Severe - BP: <90 Sys.
What is normal ETCO2?
35-45
How does neurogenic shock differ from other shock types?
The body cannot compensate with tachycardia or vasoconstriction due to loss of sympathetic nervous system control.
Widespread vasodilation without compensation
Difference between Oxygenation, Ventilation, Respiration
Oxygenation: O2 to body
Ventilation: The act of breathing
Respiration: O2 to hemoglobin
Why is nitroglycerin contraindicated in hypotension?
It causes vasodilation and can worsen shock.
Decreases preload and blood pressure.
Difference between Kussmals and Cheyene-stokes
Kus - Deep, rapid breathing associated with metabolic acidosis
Chey - Gradual increase and decrease in respirations sometimes with periods of apnea, consistent pattern, often due to brainstem injury
DCAP-BTLS
Deformaties
Contusions
Abrasions
Puncture
Burn
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling
What are the 4 types of distributive shock?
Septic shock
Neurogenic shock
Anaphylactic shock
Psychogenic shock