Early Human Migration
What is the name of the early time period when humans used simple stone tools?
The Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age)
What river was essential for life and farming in Ancient Egypt?
The Nile
What two rivers supported life in Mesopotamia?
The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
What is one of the major cities of the Indus Valley civilization?
Mohenjo-Daro or Harappa
What is the name of the river where Chinese civilization began?
The Yellow River (Huang He)
Why did early humans migrate from place to place?
To find food, water, and shelter
What is the writing system used by Ancient Egyptians called?
Hieroglyphics
What does the word "Mesopotamia" mean in Greek?
"Land between two rivers"
What river was central to life in the Indus Valley?
The Indus River
What philosophy taught respect for family and social order in China?
Confucianism
What is the term for people who move around to find food and shelter?
Nomads
Why were pyramids built in Ancient Egypt?
Reason is still unknown, but there is enough evidence to show that they were not tombs
What was the name of the first set of written laws in history?
Hammurabi’s Code
How do we know that Indus cities were well-planned?
They had grid-pattern streets, drainage systems, and organized buildings
What was the purpose of the Great Wall of China?
To protect China from northern invaders
Name one way scientists learn about early humans before writing existed.
By studying fossils and artifacts
Who was the female pharaoh known for dressing like a man and expanding trade?
Hatshepsut
What type of writing did the Sumerians invent?
Cuneiform
What is still a mystery about the Indus Valley writing system?
It has not been fully decoded or understood
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
The belief that rulers were chosen by the gods and could be replaced if they failed
How did the Ice Age affect human migration and the development of tools?
It caused humans to adapt, move to warmer areas, and create better tools for survival
What is the name of the Egyptian belief system about the afterlife and judgment?
The belief in Ma’at and the weighing of the heart in the afterlife
How did Mesopotamians control flooding and grow crops?
They built irrigation systems and canals
Why do historians think the Indus Valley civilization declined? Give one theory.
Possible theories include flooding, drought, or invasion
What were oracle bones used for in Ancient China?
To predict the future and communicate with ancestors