Show:
The Rise of Europe/ The High Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages
The Byzantine Empire and Russia
The BE and R/The Muslim World
100
What was the order of the class system during feudalism?
King-lords-lesser lords (vassals)- knights- serfs
100
What was "Black Death"?
The Bubonic Plague; it was an epidemic in Europe that reached beyone Italy to Spain and France in 1348.
100
A czar of Russia; grandson of Ivan the Great
Ivan the Terrible; at about 1560, he became very unstable. When he died in 1584, he left a land seething with rebellion. But, he had introduced Russia to a tradition of extreme absolute power.
100
Name the Five Pillars of Islam.
1.) Declaration of faith- Mohammad is the only messenger of God. 2.) Daily Prayer- after washing, face the city of Mecca and pray. 3.) Charity for the poor 4.) Fasting- from sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan. 5.) Hajj- pilgrimage to Mecca
200
What was the purpose of the merchant guilds?
They controlled trade in the cities.
200
Where did the Bubonic Plague start? How did it start?
The Bubonic Plague started in China as a sresult of fleas biting rabbits. Then, the rabbits bit people.
200
What were some of the "rules" of the Eastern Orthodox Church? (Greek)
1.) Priests can marry 2.) No pope 3.) They celebrate Easter
200
Who was Justinian?
Justinian ruled the Byzantine empire from 527 to 565. The period during which he ruled is known as "The Age of Justinian."
300
What was the code of conduct that knights were expected to honor?
Chivalry; it required knights to be brave, loyal, and true to their word. In warfare, they had to fight fairly. It also dictated that warriors treat a captured knight well or even release him if he promised to pay his ransom. However, chivalry only applied to nobles, not commoners.
300
What were some effects of the Bubonic Plague?
The Plague brought terror because there was no way to stop the disease; it was air borne. Others plunged into pleasure because they felt they were going to die anyway. Some believed it was God's punishment. 1/3 of people in Europe died.
300
What effects did Ivan the terrible have during his reign?
He further centralized royal power. He limited the privileges of the old boyar families and granted land to nobles in exchange for other military service. He introduced new laws that tied Russian serfs to the land.
300
What were some of Justinian's accomplishments? What is he best remembered for?
1.)The church of Hagia Sophia 2.) Justinian Code: a massive collection of laws passed by Roman assemblies or decreed by Roman emperors, as well as the legal writings of Roman judges and a handbook for students; reached beyond the Byzantine Empire into Western Europe. 3.) Ruled as an autocrat (sole ruler/complete authority); he combined both political power and spiritual authority.
400
What was the importance of the Magna Carta?
The Magna Carta was an english document that was created out of rebellion towards King John. King John angered his nobles with oppressive taxes and other abuses of power. The nobles sat him down and forced him to sign the Magna Carta (great charter) which affirmed a long list of feudal rights. It limited his power, gave people more rights, and and made it clear that the monarch must obey the law.
400
What were the Crusades?
War between the Muslims and Christians for Jerusalem.
400
Who were the two main leaders of the Mongol conquests?
Kublai Klan and Genghiz Khan
400
Who was Muhammad? Khadija?
Muhammad was the founder of Islam. He understood that it was the voice of the angel Gabriel calling him to be the messenger of God. Muhammad was terrified and puzzled, but Khadija encouraged him to accept the call. She became the first covert to the faith called Isam. Muhammad urged Arabs to give up their false gods and submit to the one true God (Allah).
500
What was the practice of lay investiture? Why was it banned and who was it banned by?
Lay investiture was the creation of bishops by anyone who is not a member of the clergy. It was banned byGegory VII in order to make the Church independent of secular rulers.He said only the pope had the right to appoint and install bishops in office.
500
There were four major crusades. Who won each? Why were they important?
The Christians won the first two battles, but the Muslims won the third and fourth. The Crusades are important because they led to cultural diffusion.
500
What was the Golden Horde?
Between 1236 and 1241, Batu, the grandson of Genghiz, led the Mongol armies into Russia. This was known as the Golden Horde. The Mongols were successful and the Golden Horde ruled Russia for the next 240 years.
500
Who were the Sunnis and the Shiites?
In India, people were divided into two groups: Sunnis and Shiites. Sunnis made up 90% and were good people who were government officials. The Shiites made up the other 10% and were family members of Muhammad.