Inca
Aztec
Inca II
Aztec II
Lagniappe
100
What was the emperor of the Inca Empire called?
*Bonus: What did the name mean?
The Sapa Inca - meaning "the only Inca."
100
What was the name of this agricultural practice?
Bonus: Why did the Aztec use it?
Chinampas - floating gardens used to make farmland in swamps and marshes
*expanded farmland and kept crops close so that they could protect them!
100
What is the name of this agricultural practice?
Terrace Farming - increased farmable land and descreased erosion.
Also, decreases frost... traps heat in soil which retains warmth at night when temperatures drop
100
Which classes were educated in the Aztec society?
Aztecs were the first civilization in the world to have mandatory education for ALL people!
100
What is the name of the second longest river in the world that flows through South America?
Bonus: What is the longest river in the world?
Amazon River
The Nile River (Africa) = longest
200
Which mountains did the Inca Empire settle in?
Andes Mountains
200
What was the name of the lake where the Aztec established their capital?
Bonus: Why is it smaller today than when the Aztec ruled?
Lake Texcoco
The Spanish first drained the lake in the early 16th century and continued the process for centuries to stop flooding!
200
Which three geographic regions are found in the area the Inca civilization was established?
Bonus: Which one did the Inca end up settling in?
1. Coastal Desert - one of driest places on Earth (not even cacti grow)
2. Jungle - many natural resources, but dangerous animals and disease-carrying insects!
3. Andes Mountains - offers safety and protection, but difficult to live despite the natural barrier
200
What was the name of the Aztec capital?
Tenochtitlan - means "among the prickly pears"
200
Put the Aztecs' social structure in the correct order, arranging them from the highest class to the lowest:
Slaves, Commoners, Nobles, and Serfs
Nobles - ONLY ones allowed to wear gold/feathers; emperor always came from this class
Commoners - farmers, merchants, artisans, low priests (largest class)
Serfs (peasants) - worked on lands owned by nobles... "free" but low class
Slaves - (lowest class) NOT born into slavery, could buy freedom, could own land/slaves, free when enslaver died300
The Inca were the first to plant & harvest which crop?
*Bonus: Why was this crop successful in the mountains?
The potato - grows well in high elevations (mountains). Spanish conquistadors first brought the potato to Europe, were the Irish were introduced to it. Irish immigrants brought the potato to U.S.!
300
Which Atzecan mythological animal is on the Mexican flag today?
An eagle - remember, the Aztecs were nomads for hundreds of years until they found an eagle with a snake in its mouth perched on top of a cactus. The cactus then sprouted into an island, which they believed was a sign from god that they should settle there.
300
What was the capital of the Inca Empire?
Cuzco - considered oldest living city in the Americas. First urban structures erected 3000 years ago.
300
What city now exists where the Atzec capital used to be?
Mexico City
The Spanish razed Tenochtitlan and built Mexico City on top of the ruins!
300
Which food product are the Aztecs believed to have invented?
Chewing gum!
Remember: ONLY kids and single women could chew it in public! Married women, widows, and men had to chew it in private!
400
Which country is where most of the Inca descendents live today?
45% of Peru's population are Inca descendants.
400
What was the name of the most famous Aztec Emperor?
Moctezuma II
- he was the 9th (and last) emperor of the Aztecs!
400
Who conquered and ended the Inca Empire?
Bonus: What year did this happen?
Spanish conquistadors conquered the Inca in 1535 CE.
Was this before or after the Aztec Empire ended?
400
How many different levels of heaven did the Aztec think existed?
13 levels = heaven
9 levels = underworld
Remember: Aztecs believed that the manner of death impacted where you went in the afterlife.
Die in battle = highest level of heaven
Drowning/Old Age = underworld
400
What is an Isthmus? Give an example from class!
An "isthmus" is a narrow piece of land that connects two larger pieces of land.
Central America - connects N. America & S. America
500
What was the most famous Inca city?
Machu Picchu
Why is Machu Picchu more famous than Cusco? Cusco is a more traditional city with a mix of Inca & Spanish architecture. Machu Picchu is more iconic given its placement on a mountaintop with stunning scenery - it's a tourist favorite!
500
How many years did the Aztec Empire last?
Round your answer to the nearest hundreds place!
1200-1521 CE
The Aztec Empire lasted a little over 300 years.
500
How many years did the Inca Empire exist?
Round to the nearest hundreds place!
1200-1535 CE.
The Inca Empire lasted a little over 300 years!
500
What was the name of the prominent temple in the center of Technoctitlan?
Bonus: What was it used for?
Templo Mayor - "main temple"
built in 1325 CE (in spot where eagle ate snake)
prominent in capital, epicenter of human sacrifice, destroyed & buried by the Spanish
500
In the Aztec Empire, how did the emperor have to be to rule?
*30 years old
*member of nobility
*have experience as warrior/military leader
*be just/fair leader