Nature of Science
Scientists have observed that all objects in the universe, including stars, planets, and moons have a gravitational attraction to each other. What best describes this description of gravity?
A. A law
B. A theory
C. A hypothesis
D. A conclusion
A. a law
Where would igneous rock most likely turn into metamorphic rock?
A. On the surface of Earth’s crust where it is exposed to weathering by wind and rain
B. Deep in the Earth’s crust where it is exposed to the most pressure and hottest temperatures
C.Under the Ocean where it is under tremendous pressure
D. In the Earth’s mantle
C. under the ocean where it is under tremendous pressure
Which of the following needs a host in order to reproduce?
A. A parasite
B. A bacteria
C. A prokaryotic cell
D. A virus
A. a virus
What best describes the radiation emitted from the sun? A. It travels at different speeds
B. It is made up of different frequencies of light
C. It is made up mostly of yellow light
D. It is made up of one type of electromagnetic wave
A cup of room temperature water is placed in a tray of ice. Which correctly predicts the process that would occur?
A. Heat is transferred from the cup to the ice
B. Heat is transferred from the ice to the cup
C. Cold is transferred from the ice to the cup
D. Cold is transferred from the cup to the ice
A. heat is transferred from the cup to the ice
Why is it important to conduct more than one trial during a scientific investigation?
A. If only one is performed, it will be more difficult to repeat it
B. If only one is performed, it will be more difficult to graph the results
C. Trials show if the data varies from one trial to the next
D. Many trials give more support for the hypothesis
D. many trials give more support for the hypothesis
The lithosphere is made of
A. The hot, slowly flowing rock found in the lower part of the mantle
B.The outer core and lower part of the mantle
C. the middle and upper mantle together
D. The upper, solid part of the mantle and the Earth’s crust
D. the upper, solid part of the mantle and the Earth's crust
What is one way both plants and animals maintain homeostasis?
A. By performing photosynthesis
B. By reproducing sexually
C. By converting energy into mass
D. By balancing the energy needs and energy storage
D. By balancing the energy needs and energy storage
A compass is placed near a certain type of metal. The needle on the compass moves. What type of force causes the needle to move?
A. Electric force
B. Magnetic force
C. Gravity
D. Friction
B. Magnetic force
Which of the following describes what all electromagnetic waves have in common?
A. They are all visible to the human eye
B. They all have the same wavelength
C. They all move through empty space at the speed of light
D. They all pass through different substances with the same frequency
C. they all move through empty space at the speed of light
Which of the following would lead to a change in current scientific theory?
A. A change in the world’s opinion
B. A change in the scientific evidence regarding the theory
C. The person who originally developed the theory can make changes
D. A small group of scientists who studied the theory can make changes
B. A change in scientific evidence regarding the theory
Which of the following astronomical bodies would most likely be the largest?
A. A dwarf star from a nearby solar system
B. One of the gas giants in our solar system
C. A comet
D. Ganymede , the largest moon of Jupiter
B. One of the gas giants in our solar system
Which body system is responsible for supplying O2 to body cells and taking CO2 away from body cells?
A. Circulatory system
B. Respiratory system
C. The immune system
D. The skeletal system
The following is a small portion of the periodic table. What do all of the elements in group 13 have in common?
A. They all share similar physical properties
B. They all share similar chemical properties
C. They are all the same color
D. They have the same number of proton
A. They all share similar chemical properties
Which best describes the organisms in the plant kingdom?
A. They are autotrophic and have eukaryotic cells
B. They are made of prokaryotic cells
C. They are multicellular and do not have cell walls
D. They are always single celled and produce their own food
A. they are autotrophic and have eukaryotic cells
What statement best explains why a scientist should always repeat an experiment?
A) If you only conduct one experiment, it will be harder to reproduce
B) More trials show the possible differences in the data gathered during each trial
C) More trials will show more support for your hypothesis
D) More trials make it easier for other scientists to replicate the experiment
C. more trials will show more support for your hypothesis
What is the primary cause of earthquakes?
A. The fast rotation of the earth
B. Weathering and erosion
C. The slow flowing mantle that moves the tectonic plates causing a buildup of pressure over time
D. Volcanic activity causes movement of the earth’s crust
C. the slow flowing mantle that moves the tectonic plates causing a buildup of pressure over time
What type of relationship exists between Carbon dioxide and energy in cellular respiration?
A. Carbon dioxide and energy change sugar into oxygen and water
B. Carbon dioxide changes into water and oxygen and energy is released
C. Carbon dioxide is released as sugar is broken down for energy
D. Oxygen and water change into carbon dioxide and energy is released
C. carbon dioxide is released as sugar is broken down for energy
Which of the following would demonstrate kinetic energy being transformed into potential energy?
A. Sliding a book across a desk
B. Pushing a book off a table
C. Pushing a heavy box up a ramp into the back of a truck
D. A roller coaster going down the highest hill
C. pushing a heavy box up a ramp into the back of a truck
CO2, CH4, and C6H12O6 all contain Carbon and are considered
A. Mixtures
B. Elements
C. Solutions
D. Compounds
D. compounds
A scientist wants to determine how temperature affects photosynthesis? He sets up a controlled experiment in which he places small plants acquired from an aquarium store into 3 separate test tubes. He pours 20 ml of cold water into one test tube, 20 mL of room temperature water into the second test tube, and 20 mL of warm water into the third test tube. He covers each test tube with a small latex balloon and measures the circumference of each balloon after 2 days. What is the test (independent0 variable?
A. The type of plants
B.The circumference of the balloon after 2 days
C.The temperature of the water
D. The three test tubes
C. the temperature of the water
A landslide leads to a buildup of material at the bottom of a hill due to
A. Erosion
B. Weathering
C. Deposition
D. Plate tectonics
C. Deposition
Two pea plants were cross-pollinated. Both parents have the heterozygous genotype Bb. What percent of the offspring would have the genotype bb?
A. 0%
B 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
B. 25 %
Why does a flashlight help you see in the dark?
A. The light is absorbed from the objects it shines light on
B. The light is reflected off the objects you shine the light on
C. The light bends as it comes in contact with objects
D. The light passes through objects it comes in contact with
A. the light is absorbed from the objects it shines light on
Juan walked along a shoreline and kept a journal of his observations. He kept a list of all the organisms he saw. What do the following organisms all have in common:
Algae, Seagulls, Snails, Mangroves
A) They all belong to the same kingdom
B) They are all plants
C) They are all made up of cells
D) They are all animals
C. they are all made of cells