Attention
You can only remember what you can _____ to.
What is attend?
Memory strategies are often divided into these two categories.
What are Internal and External memory strategies?
This is known as the power behind speech.
What is breath?
The umbrella term that refers to a group of interrelated cognitive processes, including but not limited to controlling initiation and inhibition; sustaining and shifting attention; organization; goal setting, and completion; and determining plans for the future.
What is executive function?
Name of the floor level the MS Rehabilitation and Wellness Program is currently located.
What is the Plaza Level?
The ability to focus on one specific task for an extended period of time (minutes to hours).
What is sustained attention?
This internal memory strategy involved reciting the information you just heard.
What is repetition?
This type of communication, such as tone of voice, body movements, and facial expression collectively, make up 93% of all communication.
What is nonverbal communication?
Elements of a SMART goal.
What is S-specific, M-measurable, A-attainable, R-relevant, T-time bound?
Four primary types of MS.
What is relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and progressive relapsing MS (PRMS)?
The ability to switch your focus between multiple tasks that require different cognitive abilities.
What is alternating attention?
Creating a picture of the items in your mind. Whether it is a visual list of items, creating a picture scene, or picturing the real items.
What is visualization?
The ability to retrieve and produce specific words needed to communicate a message.
What is word finding or word retrieval?
The primary type of MS fatigue is lassitude, which is caused by this combination of bodily changes.
What is demyelination and/or an over-response of the immune system.
Demyelination makes the body work harder through the nervous system, thus producing fatigue. An over-response of the immune system producing flu-like symptoms & fatigue.
Lassitude is often experienced daily and is out of proportion to the person’s level of activity or sleep. Those without MS or another neurological condition won't experience this type of fatigue.
This symptom affects 75-95% of people with MS and is one of the major reasons for leaving the workforce, the other top reasons being pain and psychological concerns.
What is fatigue?
The ability to focus on one task while ignoring competing distractions.
What is selective attention?
Creating a relationship between two unrelated items to support memory.
What is association?
The area of the brain primarily responsible for word retrieval and language comprehension.
What is "Wernicke's area", located in the posterior superior left temporal lobe.
Name 3 strategies for time management.
Create checklists and “to do” lists, estimating how long tasks will take.
Break long tasks into chunks and assign time frames for completing each chunk.
Use visual calendars to keep track of long term assignments, due dates, chores, and activities.
Use timers/alarms
Reduce distractions during tasks
Name three secondary fatigue contributing factors.
What are...
• Poor temperature regulation
• Mental/Cognitive exertion
• Sleep disruption
• Poor sleep hygiene
• Medications
• Mood/Emotions
• Physical over-exertion
• Physical deconditioning
• Comorbidities
• Stress
• Illness
• Diet
The ability to process and complete two or more tasks simultaneously. Often referred to as "multi-tasking", where you are splitting your attention between tasks.
What is divided attention?
The elements of PQRST and WRAP.
What is...
P- preview, Q-question, R-read/react, S-summarize, T-test
W-write it down, R-repeat it, A-associate it, P-picture it
The area of the brain responsible for speech production and turning thoughts into spoken word.
What is "Broca's Area", in the frontal lobe?
This type of EF skills includes the ability to adapt to new situations when necessary. It allows an individual to create a new approach when a particular plan fails.
What is flexibility?
The number of people in the Unites States living with MS.
What is 1 million people?
1 million people in the United States live with MS, and 2.8 million worldwide.