The 1st Amendment & Bill of Rights
This amendment protects freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.
What is the First Amendment?
How many states must ratify an amendment for it to become part of the Constitution?
What is 3/4 of states (or 38 out of 50)?
The system where Britain controlled colonial trade and required colonists to trade only with Britain.
What is Mercantilism?
The power of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional.
What is Judicial Review?
The document that declared the colonies independent from Britain and listed grievances against King George III.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
A newspaper publishes an article criticizing the President. Which 1st Amendment right protects this?
What is Freedom of the Press?
An amendment can be proposed by either _________ of Congress OR _________ of state legislatures.
What is 2/3 of Congress OR 2/3 of state legislatures?
Rocky soil and natural harbors in New England led colonists to develop which economic activities?
What are Fishing, shipbuilding, trade, and lumber milling?
This Supreme Court case (1803) established the power of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
According to the Declaration of Independence, unalienable rights include _________, _________, and _________.
What are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness?
Citizens gather in a park to protest government policies. Which 1st Amendment right are they exercising?
What is Freedom of Assembly?
Why is the amendment process intentionally difficult (requiring 2/3 + 3/4)?
What is: To prevent reckless or impulsive changes to the Constitution and ensure broad agreement?
Fertile soil and long growing seasons in Southern colonies led to the development of _________.
What are Plantations and cash crops (or slavery)?
Which principle is shown when the President can veto a law passed by Congress?
What is Checks and Balances?
The Proclamation of 1763 restricted colonists from moving west of the _________.
What are the Appalachian Mountains?
Name all FIVE rights protected by the 1st Amendment (RAPPS).
What are Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech?
What year was the Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) added to the Constitution?
What is 1791?
The Middle colonies were called the "Bread-basket" because they grew _________.
What are wheat, grain, and oats?
Name THREE of the SEVEN principles of the Constitution.
What are Popular Sovereignty, Republicanism, Limited Government, Federalism, Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances, and Individual Rights (accept any 3)?
Name TWO grievances colonists listed against King George III in the Declaration of Independence.
What are Imposing taxes without consent, denying trial by jury, maintaining standing armies in peacetime, dissolving legislatures, forcing colonists to house soldiers (accept any 2)?
Explain why the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution. What compromise did it represent?
Anti-Federalists refused to ratify the Constitution without protection of individual rights. James Madison wrote the Bill of Rights to get ratification—it was a compromise between Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
Explain the TWO-STEP process for amending the Constitution.
What is: Step 1: Propose an amendment (2/3 of Congress OR 2/3 of state legislatures). Step 2: Ratify (3/4 of states must vote yes)?
Explain the connection between geography, economy, and slavery in the Southern colonies.
What is: Fertile soil and long growing seasons allowed large-scale cash crop production. This created high demand for labor, leading to increased slavery in the South?
Explain how the Great Compromise solved the representation dispute and which principles it reflects.
What is: It created a bicameral Congress: House based on population (large states favored) and Senate with 2 per state (small states favored). It reflects federalism, separation of powers, and popular sovereignty?
Explain how mercantilism was a cause of the American Revolution.
What is: Britain controlled colonial trade through mercantilism, limiting colonists' economic freedom and profits. Colonists could only trade with Britain. Combined with taxation without representation, this economic control frustrated colonists and led to revolution?