Age of Jackson
This term, used to describe Jackson's practice of giving government jobs to political supporters, comes from the phrase “to the victor belong the spoils.
What is the Spoils System
This 1767 series of taxes on imported goods like glass, paint, paper, and tea reignited colonial anger and cries of “no taxation without representation.”
What are the Townshend Acts
This 1620 agreement, signed aboard a ship, established self-government and majority rule for the Pilgrims in Plymouth Colony.
What is the Mayflower Compact
This region of the 13 colonies, known for rocky soil and a cold climate, relied on shipbuilding, fishing, and trade rather than large-scale farming.
What is New England
This branch of government is responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring they are applied fairly, with the Supreme Court as its highest authority.
What is the Judicial Branch
Jackson viewed this financial institution as a tool of the wealthy and vetoed its recharter in 1832, calling it unconstitutional—even though the Supreme Court had previously ruled otherwise.
What is the Second Bank of the United States
This colonial protest group, led by men like Samuel Adams, organized resistance against British taxation and sometimes used violence or intimidation.
Who are the Sons of Liberty
Adopted in 1639, this was the first written constitution in the American colonies and set up a representative government in Connecticut.
What are the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Founded as a haven for English Catholics, this Southern colony was established by Lord Baltimore.
What is Maryland
This 1819 Supreme Court case established the principle of implied powers and confirmed that states cannot tax federal institutions.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland
This South Carolina statesman led the charge against the Tariff of Abominations, promoting the idea of nullification and clashing with Jackson during the Nullification Crisis.
Who is John C. Calhoun
In response to the Tea Act, colonists organized this act of civil disobedience to protest British control of colonial trade and taxation
What is the Boston Tea Party
This 1619 colonial assembly in Virginia was the first elected legislative body in the American colonies.
What is the Virginia House of Burgesses
This colony was originally founded by the Dutch as New Netherland before the British took control and renamed it
What is New York
This 1824 case involved a dispute over steamboat navigation rights between two states and affirmed the federal government's power to regulate interstate commerce.
What is Gibbons v. Ogden
One of the key characteristics of Jacksonian Democracy was the expansion of suffrage to this group, which greatly increased voter turnout in the 1828 election.
Who are white male non-landowners
This 1765 law was the first direct tax placed on the American colonies and led to widespread protest under the slogan “No Taxation Without Representation.”
What is the Stamp Act
Under this 1781 document, the United States’ first national government lacked the power to tax or regulate trade between states.
What are the Articles of Confederation
The colony of Pennsylvania was founded by this man as a refuge for Quakers and to promote religious tolerance.
Who is William Penn
This 1832 Supreme Court case ruled that the state of Georgia could not enforce its laws within Cherokee territory, affirming the sovereignty of Native American nations.
What is Worcester v. Georgia
This political crisis arose when South Carolina declared a federal tariff unconstitutional and threatened to secede from the Union.
What is the Nullification Crisis
To protest British taxes, many colonists refused to buy British goods in a movement known by this economic term.
What is a boycott
This 18th-century event exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation when farmers in Massachusetts rebelled over debt and taxes.
What is Shays’ Rebellion
Founded by James Oglethorpe in 1732, this colony was created as a buffer against Spanish Florida and as a refuge for debtors.
What is Georgia
This 1803 Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Court to declare laws unconstitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison