matter matters!
Water in a puddle slowly disappears on a warm day because it changes into water vapor in the air.
What change of state is happening?
evaporation
A flashlight shines on a mirror and the light bounces off the surface.
What property of light is shown?
what is rotation and how long is one cycle?
The spinning of the Earth on its axis. It takes 24 hours to do this once.
A fossil of a shell is found inside a rock layer.
What does this tell scientists about the area long ago?
it was once underwater or part of an ocean environment
A battery, wires, and a bulb are connected in a loop and the bulb lights up.
What kind of circuit is this?
a closed circuit
A student wants to separate iron filings from sand in a mixture.
What tool would be the best choice?
a magnet
A student shines a flashlight into a fish tank. The beam of light changes direction as it enters the water.
What property of light explains this change in direction?
refraction
In the late afternoon, the Sun is low in the western sky.
In which direction will the shadow point? and describe it's length
Coal, oil, and natural gas formed from the remains of plants and animals buried long ago.
What are these energy sources called?
fossil fuels
A scientist observes that puddles disappear faster on hot days than on cool days.
What does this show about evaporation?
heat increases evaporation
A student mixes salt and water until the salt disappears. The water tastes salty but looks clear.
What happened to the salt?
the salt dissolved to form a solution
Two students push a box from opposite sides with the same amount of force. The box does not move.
What type of forces are acting on the box?
equal forces
If Earth stopped rotating, what major daily event would no longer occur normally?
the day-night cycle
Over long periods of time, these three natural forces can slowly wear down rocks and move sediment, causing weathering and erosion on Earth’s surface.
wind, water, and ice
A student replaces metal wires with plastic ones in a circuit and the bulb does not light.
What property of plastic explains this result?
plastic is an insulator
Two objects are the same size, but one weighs much more than the other.
What property explains this difference?
density
A student tries to shine a flashlight around a corner but the light does not reach the other side. why does this happen?
light travels in a straight line
A student says the Moon produces its own light because it shines at night.
Why is this statement incorrect?
the Moon reflects light from the Sun
A canyon becomes deeper each year as a river continues to wear away rock.
Which process causes this change? and what causes it?
erosion by water
A student builds a circuit with a battery, wires, and two bulbs. When the battery is removed, both bulbs turn off. why?
the battery is the energy source in the circuit
what is relative density mean?
how heavy or dense something is compared to another substance, usually water.
A student cannot see a toy in a completely dark room, even though the toy is right in front of them.
there is no light reflecting off the toy into their eyes
Different parts of Earth receive different amounts of sunlight during the year.
What does this cause?
the seasons
name all 5 processes of sedimentary rock in order and describe what is happening during each process?
Weathering is the process where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces. Erosion is when sediment is moved from one place to another. Deposition happens when sediment settles or is dropped in a new location. Compaction occurs when layers of sediment build up and press down on the layers beneath them, squeezing the sediments together. Cementation happens when minerals in water act like glue and stick the sediments together.
two wires connect a battery to a light bulb. Describe the three energy transformations that occur in this electrical circuit.
in the battery, chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy.
in the light bulb, electrical energy is transformed into light energy and thermal energy.