Constitution
First gov't; weak because feared abuse of power; NO: executive branch, regulate trade; YES: negotiate treaties, declare war.
What is Articles of Confederation
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition; gives citizens the right to make their own choices regarding religion; prohibits government from passing laws regarding religion
What is 1st Amendment
U.S. manufacturing increased because of boycott of British goods
What is Effects of the War of 1812
Major debate leading up to Civil War; Republican Party (Lincoln) against its spread into new territories
What is Slavery
Led by Emerson and Thoreau; focused on ideal societies and individualism; used civil disobedience as a form of protest
What is Transcendentalism
Process for admitting new states to U.S., population requirement to apply = 60,000 settlers; territories govern themselves
What is Northwest Ordinance
No unreasonable search or seizure
What is the 4th Amendment
expanded cotton production and the need for more agricultural labor (slaves)
What is Cotton Gin
Region's geography impacted its economy; North built factories, South farmed, West mined; a cause of the Civil War
What is Sectionalism
after the Civil War, South in financial ruin and divided into 5 military districts
What is Reconstruction
decided how many representatives large and small states would send to the bicameral Congress
What is Great Compromise
Right to a fair, speedy and public trial
What is the 6th Amendment
Results in faster, more efficient transportation of good; price of goods decreased
What is Steamboat and railroads
What is Compromise of 1850
Led by Alexander Hamilton; wanted: 1) a stronger federal gov't power, 2) an industrial economy, 3) a national bank
What is Federalist Party
agreement over how slaves would count for representation and taxation purpose
What is Three-Fifths Compromise
Freedom from cruel or unusual punishment and excessive bails and fines
What is the 8th Amendment
People moved to northern cities for factory work; cities grew rapidly
What is Urbanization
Part of the Compromise of 1850; runaway slaves and free Blacks were at risk of being captured by slave hunters
What is Fugitive Slave Act
British controlled colonial trade; angered colonists
What is Mercantilism
each branch of government has some power over the other two branches; helps to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful
What is Checks and balances
Rights not given to the federal gov't are given to the states; created federalism which prevents abuse of power by central gov't
What is 10th Amendment
Temporarily relieved sectional differences by maintaining the balance between the number of free and slave states in the Union
What is Missouri Compromise
Allowed Kansas settlers to vote whether or not to permit slavery in the territory; violence erupted; slavery prohibited
What is Kansas-Nebraska Act
Thomas Jefferson; list of grievances/complaints against KG3; right to create new gov't
What is Declaration of independence