Conjugate Stability
This gold nanoparticle stabilizer maintains electrostatic repulsion to prevent aggregation.
What is citrate
This physical property of the nitrocellulose membrane strongly influences migration rate and flow time.
What is Capillary flow rate (or pore size)
This buffering compound is most commonly used at pH 8.0–8.6 for gold conjugate stability.
What is Tris (Tris-HCl)
The λmax of gold nanoparticles typically appears around this wavelength.
What is 520 nm
Real-time stability testing is typically done at this standard storage temperature.
What is 22 to 25C
This protein commonly coats nanoparticles to provide steric stabilization and reduce non-specific binding.
What is BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin)
Over-drying membranes can lead to cracking and delamination due to loss of this property.
What is Moisture content
Ionic strength in conjugate buffers is mainly controlled by this salt.
What is sodium chloride
A red-shift and broadening of the UV-Vis peak suggests this instability phenomenon.
What is Aggregation
Accelerated stability testing uses this principle to predict shelf life at room temperature
What is the Arrhenius principle
Loss of color intensity during stability testing often indicates this chemical process on the AuNP surface.
What is Oxidation
Elevated temperature storage can cause increased background due to migration of this component from the conjugate pad.
What is Surfactant or conjugate migration
Sugars like trehalose stabilize proteins by forming this protective solid-state structure during drying.
What is a Glassy matrix
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) provides this metric that increases with aggregation
What is Hydrodynamic diameter
Humidity inside packaging is controlled by adding this component.
What is a desiccant
Conjugates stored at high humidity may show aggregation because this process fails to complete during drying.
What is Incomplete drying
Incomplete release of conjugate during testing is often due to this mismatch between release buffer and pad chemistry.
What is Buffer incompatibility
Addition of this non-ionic surfactant prevents aggregation during resuspension and improves wetting.
What is Tween-20
A conjugate that passes salt challenge but fails DLS may have instability in this characteristic.
What is Surface adsorption layer
Oxygen exposure in foil pouches can lead to this degradation mechanism for gold conjugates.
What is oxidation
This amino acid additive helps maintain dispersion by balancing charge and reducing hydrophobic attraction at the AuNP interface.
What is Arginine
A change in flow time during stability testing is an early indicator of degradation in this component of the strip.
What is Membrane integrity
The commonly assumed Q-value for proteins in the Arrhenius equation for accelerated stability prediction.
What is 2.5
In lateral flow accelerated studies, this parameter is plotted vs time to model degradation kinetics.
What is Signal intensity or capture line density
Strips that fail after repeated temperature cycling are likely sensitive to this physical stress phenomenon.
What is Thermal expansion/contraction