Stars, Galaxies, Universe

Stars 1

100

Our Sun is classified as this.

What is a star?

200

Three characteristics to classify stars

What are color, temperature, size, and brightness?

300

How bright a star appears to be

What is Apparent Brightness (Magnitude)?  

500

What is a light year?

The distance light travels through space in one year.

stars 2

100

What is parallax?

The apparent change in position of an object when viewed from different place.

200

Star Destiny is 25 light years away from Earth and Star Kristen is 37 light years away from Earth. Which star would have a greater parallax and why?

Star Destiny, because the closer a star is to Earth, the more it appears to move

300

What two charactersitics are shown IN An H-R diagram?

Surface temperature of a star and absolute brightness.

400

What are two ways astronomers can use an H-R diagram for?

To classify stars understand how stars change over time

500

What color are the hottest stars

blue

stars 3

100

What color are the "cooler stars"

reddish

200

Star Catalina is a "cooler star" (reddish) but has a very high absolute brightness. What can you infer about Star Catalina?

It is very big

300

Fill in the blanks In general Hotter stars have a _________ brightness In general Bigger stars have a __________ brightness

high high

400

Star Nikhil is a very HOT star and has a blue color, however does now have the highest absolute brightness. What can you infer about Star Nikhil?

small star

500

What is a nebula?

a cloud of gas and dust with great volume

stars 4

100

How does a star form from a nebula? Explain in detail.

Gravity pulls the gas and dust together forming a protostar, when the contracting dust becomes dense and not nuclear fusion begins and a star is formed.

200

What is a protostar?

early stage of life of a star before nuclear fusion begins.

300

What factor determines how long a star lives?

mass

400

Why do bigger stars live shorter lives than smaller stars?

They burn their fuel faster.

500

What is a white dwarf and what type of star does it result from?

the blue-white core from a red giant, results from alow mass star.

stars 5

100

The end of life of an average star.

What is a black dwarf?

200

End of life for a super massive star

What is a black hole?

300

Not a black hole but is end of life for a massive star

What is a neutron star?

400

What is a galaxy? Explain 3 types of galaxies

cluster of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity Spiral: bulge in center arms spiral outwards, young bright stars on arms with ga and dust, older stars in center-little gas and dust Elliptical: flattened ball of stars, older stars, little gas and dust Irregular: Random pattern, bright young stars, gas and dust

500

What is the big bang theory? Explain the evidence that supports it

hot, dense, gas exploded in an instant 1) moving galaxies shows universe is expanding 2) cosmic background radiation: radioactive remains support an explosion occurred.