Court of Record
What is the primary purpose of keeping a record in these courts?
to provide a detailed, accurate history of the proceedings that can be used for future references, such as appeals to higher courts
What is Small Claims Court?
Small claims court is a special, low-cost division of a local court designed for individuals to resolve minor civil disputes—typically involving money—without needing to hire an attorney.
What is the primary purpose of a county court?
County courts are trial courts of limited jurisdiction, meaning they handle lower-level cases within a specific county, such as misdemeanors, traffic offenses, small civil disputes, and local ordinance violations.
What is the main purpose of a municipal court?
Municipal courts (often called city, town, or village courts) are local, lower-level courts that hold jurisdiction over minor criminal cases, city ordinance violations, and traffic offenses that occur within city limits. Quickly resolves matters.
Can records made on juvenile is found guilty of the be open to the public?
No.
All municipal or traffic courts are courts of record? (true or false question)
Flase
What types of cases are handled?
Common cases include landlord-tenant security deposit disputes, property damage from auto accidents, breach of contract, unpaid debts, and faulty products or services.
What types of criminal cases do county courts typically handle?
County courts primarily handle misdemeanors—less serious crimes with lighter penalties
What types of cases are most commonly handled in municipal court?
The vast majority of cases are traffic tickets (speeding, running a red light) and city code violations, such as animal control infractions, high grass/nuisance ordinances, or parking violations.
What is the primary age range, and what is the main goal of juvenile courts compared to adult courts?
The age is usually under 18; the main goal is rehabilitation, not punishment.
Does a Court of Record have the authority to punish for contempt of court
Yes
Do I need a lawyer to represent me?
Generally, no.
In what scenarios does a county court act as an appellate court?
County courts often have appellate jurisdiction over cases originating in lower courts, such as municipal courts
Can you represent yourself in municipal court?
Yes, you can represent yourself.
What are two key differences between a juvenile court proceeding and an adult criminal trial?
Juvenile records are confidential/sealed, and proceedings are often closed to the public.
What role does a "court of record" play in the appellate process?
The permanent record (transcripts, evidence, filings) created by a court of record is the necessary, exclusive basis for a higher court to review for legal errors on appeal.
How much money can someone sue for?
$5,000 to $10,000 (some states allow up to $20,000)
Who presides over a county court, and how are they selected?
A county judge presides over the court, examining evidence and deciding cases. Selection may vary, but often elected by the local population or appointed for specific terms.
If someone loses their case in municipal court, can they appeal the decision
Yes, either party can appeal a municipal court decision.
What is the difference between a "delinquent act" and a "status offense"?
A delinquent act is a crime if committed by an adult (theft), while a status offense is only a violation because of the person's youth (truancy).
Are all courts in the United States considered "Courts of Record"
No.
Where do you file a lawsuit for this court?
In the county or city where the defendant (the person or business you are suing) lives, works, or where the dispute occurred
What is a "preliminary hearing" in a county court?
In felony cases, a county court conducts preliminary hearings to determine if there is enough evidence (probable cause) to "bind over" the defendant to a higher district court for trial.
How are municipal court judges selected?
Commonly appointed by the city council or mayor to serve a set term.
Do juvenile courts hold trials like adult criminal courts?
No, instead they have an adjudicatory hearing to determine if they are responsible for the allegations, followed by a disposition hearing, which is the sentencing phase. (yes or no answer is also acceptable)