Consciousness and Hypnosis
The awareness of ourselves and our environment
What is consciousness?
Extreme tiredness and other physical effects felt by a person after a long flight across several time zones
What is jet lag?
A person stops breathing during their sleep.
What is sleep apnea?
Dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories.
What is the information-processing dream theory?
A depressant that can cause memory loss, brain and liver damage.
What is alcohol?
A heightened openness to suggestion
What is hypnosis?
Physical, mental, behavioral changes, that follow 24 hour biological process.
What is a circadian rhythm?
Persistent problems falling asleep and effects 10% of the population
What is insomnia?
Dream content reflects dreamer's cognitive development - their knowledge and understanding.
What is the cognitive development dream theory?
A hallucinogen that disrupts memory and induces mild euphoria and relaxation. Main ingredient is THC.
What is marijuana?
What is the Social Influence Theory?
1. internally aroused, externally calm.
2. Brain waves resemble wakefulness, but body is at rest
3. Body is essentially paralyzed, relaxed muscles
4. Occurs during REM sleep stage
What is paradoxical sleep?
REM sleep increases following REM sleep deprivation
What is REM rebound?
REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain turns into stories.
What is the neural activation dream theory?
1. Need to take larger doses to experience the same effects
2. Neuroadaptation - change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug
What is tolerance?
Hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness.
What is the Divided Consciousness Theory?
Short bursts of rapid brain waves
Occur during NREM Stage 2
What are sleep spindles?
1. Racing pulse, gasping for air, screaming incoherently, can’t be awakened
2. Activation of autonomic nervous system that occur in NREM sleep
What is a night terror?
Dreams provide a "psychic safety valve" - expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings. Dreams contain a hidden meaning.
What is Freud's wish-fulfillment dream theory?
1. Agonist for endorphins
2. Morphine, heroin, methadone and codeine
3. Pupils constrict, breathing slows, lethargy, blissful pleasure replaces pain and anxiety
4. Highly addictive
What is an opiate?
1. Normal Waking Consciousness
2. Preconscious
3. Unconscious
What is Frued's theory of consciousness? OR
What is the iceberg theory?
1. Strange and extremely vivid sensations
2. Feeling like you’re falling or floating
3. Jerk awake… like when you’re in class
4. Hear someone calling your name
5. Occurs during NREM Stage 1
What are hypnagogic sensations?
Suffer from sleeplessness and may fall asleep at unpredictable or inappropriate times
What is narcolepsy?
This level of dreaming is the true meaning of a dream according to Freud.
What is latent content?
Depressant
Stimulant
Hallucinagen
What are the three main categories of drugs?