States of Gas
What does kinetic mean?
Motion.
What is the boiling point of water? (Fahrenheit)
212 F
What are three types of unit cells?
1. Simple cubic
2. Body-Centered
3. Force-Centered
How does a solid transform into a vapor?
Through sublimation
What are some examples of Allotropes of carbon?
What is Diamonds, graphite, and fullerenes?
What contains kinetic energy?
Moving objects.
Under what conditions does boiling occur?
When a liquid is heated to a temperature at which particles throughout the liquid have enough kinetic energy to vaporize, the liquid begins to boil
How are crystal particles organized?
An orderly, repeating, 3D pattern.
It is called dry ice, as it changes states it dry ice absorbs heat.
What is the difference between boiling point and evaporation?
What is boiling point is when the particles throughout the liquid have enough kinetic energy to boil, while evaporation is only the surface layer.
What is the relationship between the temperature in kelvins and average kinetic energy of particles?
Kelvin temperature of a substance is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles of the substance.
When can a dynamic equilibrium exist between a liquid and it vapor?
In a system at constant vapor pressure, a dynamic equilibrium exists between the vapor and the liquid. The system is in equilibrium because the rate of evaporation of liquid equals the rate of condensation of vapor.
What is the freezing point of water? (Fahrenheit)
32 F
What does the triple point describe?
It describes the only set of conditions at which all three phases can exist in equilibrium.
What is the difference between an open and a closed evaporation system?
What is open systems let the molecules that evaporate escape into the atmosphere, while in closed systems the molecules cannot escape.
How does kinetic theory explain gas pressure?
Gas pressure is a result of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas simultaneously colliding with an object.
What factors determine the physical properties of a liquid?
The interplay between the disruptive motions of particles in a liquid and the attractions among the particles determines the physical properties of liquids
What determines the shape of a crystal?
The shape of a crystal reflects the arrangement of the particles within the solid.
How are the conditions at which phases are in equilibrium represented on a phase diagram?
The conditions of pressure and temperature at which two phases exist in equilibrium are indicated on a phase diagram by a line separating the two regions representing the phases.
The collisions of atoms ad molecules in the air with objects results in...
What is atmospheric pressure?
What are the three assumptions of the kinetic theory as it applies to gases?
1. Particles in gas are considered to be small, hard spheres with insignificant volume
2. The motion of particles in gas is rapid, constant, and random
3. The motion of particles in gas is rapid, constant, and random
What is the relationship between evaporation and kinetic energy?
During evaporation, only those molecules with a certain minimum kinetic energy can escape from the surface of the liquid
How are the structure and properties of solids related?
The general properties of solids reflect the orderly arrangement of their particles and the fixed locations of their particles.
When can sublimation occur?
When solids with vapor pressure that exceed atmospheric pressure at/near room temperature.
All matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motion.
What is Kinetic Theory?