Nature of gases
What is a vacuum?
empty space w/ no particles and no pressure
Define evaporation.
When vaporization occurs to a liquid not boiling.
Temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
Melting point
Point on a diagram where 3 points meet-
Triple point
The increase in kinetic energy results in
Increase in temp
What is the SI unit for temperature?
Pascal (Pa)
What type of liquids evaporate fastest
Hot liquids
Temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid
Freezing point.
Sublimation is useful because:
it can separate substances, and purify compounds
The change from a solid to a vapor w/o passing through liquid state-
Sublimation
Atmospheric pressure depends on?
Weather and altitude
What state of matter is a liquid?
A condensed state of matter.
What happens when a solid is heated?
Particles vibrate rapidly, kinetic energy increases
What gives conditions of temp and pressure at which a substance exists as solid, liquid, or gas?
A phase diagram
Ionic solids have a high melting point because
relative forces hold them together
Why does Atmospheric pressure decrease as you climb a mountain?
Because the density of earth’s atmosphere decreases as elevation decreases.
What pressure is the boiling point of a liquid at?
101.3 kPa.
When the particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating, 3D pattern called a crystal lattice.
Crystal
What example of sublimation is described in the textbook?
Iodine changes into a purple vapor without passing the liquid state
The pressure required to support 760 mm of mercury in a mercury barometer.
Standard atmosphere (atm)
The three assumptions of Kinetic Theory:
Particles of a gas are considered small hard spheres w/ insignifigant volume; motion of particles is a rapid, constant, and random; all collisions btwn particles in a gas are perfectly elastic.
How come as temp increases, liquid increases vapor pressure?
Because particles in warm liquid will have an increased kinetic energy
Example of an amorphous solid:
Glass
conditions of pressure eand temperature at which 2 phases exist in equilibrium are indicated on a _____________ by a line separating the 2 regions representing the phases.
phase diagram
Height of mercury column in barometer tube depends on:
The pressure exerted by particles in air colliding w/ surface of mercury in the dish.