Gases
What tool is used to measure the pressure in the atmosphere?
A Barometer
What is surface tension?
The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount
Intermolecular forces hold together particles through ___?
Bonds
What is boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid boils and equals the external atmospheric pressure.
What other units are used by different fields of science?
psi (pounds per square inch)
mmHg (millimeters of mercury)
What tool is sued to measure the pressure in a closed-shut container?
A Manometer
How are the particles arranged in a solid?
They are packed closely together and are not very active
A hydrogen bond is a type of ____ attraction.
Dipole-dipole
What is freezing point?
The temperature at which a liquid converts into a crystalline solid.
Name 3 theories for the states of matter.
Kinetic-molecular theory
Dalton's law of partial pressure
Graham's law of effusion
What unit is air pressure usually in?
In Atmoshperes
What is the measure of the resistance of the flow of a liquid?
Name three intermolecular forces.
Dispersion forces
Dipole-Dipole forces
Hydrogen Bonds
What is a phase diagram?
A graph of pressure versus temperature that show the states of a substance under different temperatures and conditions.
The Kinetic-Molecular theory explains what?
Matter is made up of particles that are always in motion
What is Elastic Collision?
No kinetic energy is lost
In what common crystalline solid are their particles arranged in a geometric structure?
Ice
What type of bonds can intermolecular forces hold particles together?
Ionic
Covalent
Metallic
An element that exists in different forms at the same state is called an ___.
Allotrope
Dalton's Law of pressure explains what?
the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gases in the mixture
One pascal is equal to what?
The force of one newton per square meter
What is the smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice that has the same symmetry as the whole crystal?
A unit cell
The formation of a hydrogen bond occurs when a hydrogen atom bonds with what 3 other atoms?
Fluorine
Oxygen
Nitrogen
What is a triple point?
Point on a phase diagram that represents the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance can coexist.
What does Graham's law of effusion state?
the rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass