Properties of Matter
Define matter.
Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space.
___ ______ is the basic
building block of all matter.
An atom
A change like melting, freezing, or dissolving that doesn’t make a new substance.
What is a physical change?
Why can't particles be seen with the human eye?
They're too small.
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom (like gold or oxygen gas).
What is an element?
Why is a balloon with air in it heavier than a balloon without air?
It contains matter (mass)
Two or more atoms bonded together (they can be the same element or different ones).
molecule
WhAn indicator of a chemical change: release of gas, color change, temperature change, or formation of a new solid.
What is evidence of a chemical reaction?
If bubbles are produced during a reaction, this is happening (a new substance is leaving as tiny particles).
What is gas formation?
he smallest negatively charged particle that moves between atoms when they form ions.
What are electrons?
True or False: heat is a form of matter
False: it is a form of energy
A repeating 3-D arrangement of atoms/ions, like the structure of salt or diamond.
What is a crystal lattice (or lattice structure)?
Cutting a cake into pieces is this kind of change
What is a physical change?
When a solid forms inside a liquid mixture during a reaction, the solid at the bottom of the tube is called a __________.
What is a precipitate?
What TWO particles live in a nucleus of an atom?
What are Protons and Neutrons?
List the three common states of matter in order of molecular movement, from fastest to slowest.
Gas, liquid, solid
This shows a molecule using letters and numbers, e.g., H₂O.
What is a chemical formula?
When substances combine to form something with new properties — this has occurred.
What is a chemical change?
Burning wood produces ash, smoke, and heat — name two clues here that show a chemical reaction occurred.
What are smoke (gas formed) and ash/new solid / heat (energy released)?
What tells you the number of protons of an element?
What is the atomic number?
Fire or the sun is which state of mater?
Plasma
I am lighter than air and used to fill balloons. Which element am I?
helium
Two things that often do not by themselves prove a chemical reaction: (name two)
What are dissolving and a phase change (or change in shape/size)?
Give THREE observations that together are strong evidence a chemical reaction occurred.
What are (any three: color change, gas formation, temperature change, precipitate formation, light produced, change in odor)?
How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an element?
What is the atomic mass minus the atomic number?