Phases of Matter
What are the 4 phases of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma
What is plasma?
an ionized gas, often called the fourth state of matter, made of free-moving electrons and positively charged ions, formed by adding immense energy to a gas, making it highly conductive and reactive, and it constitutes most of the visible universe, powering stars, lightning, and neon signs
Name an example of a solid turning into a liquid.
ice melting, chocolate melting, etc.
A phase change from a solid to a liquid is called______________________
Melting
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space.
What is volume?
The amount of space something takes up.
A partially frozen lake is which state of matter?
Solid & Liquid
What are 3 examples of gas?
Various answers; car exhaust, water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.
What is an example of Plasma?
Sun, lightning, stars
What is the definition of boiling point?
the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor.
What is melting point?
The specific temperature when a solid turns into a liquid.
When ice melts, what is the stage change?
From solid to liquid
What are the 3 basic properties of matter?
Volume, Mass, and Shape
What is sublimation?
The process of a substance changing directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase
What is the definition of deposition and what is an example?
The phase transition where a gas turns directly into a solid, skipping the liquid phase, often due to cooling and specific pressure conditions. Examples: frost on a cold window
What is an example of a solid turning into a gas?
Dry Ice!
What are physical and chemical changes? Give an example of each.
Physical change alters a substance's form (like shape, size, or state of matter) without changing its chemical composition or identity. Example: ripping paper, cutting a piece of cake.
Chemical change is a process where substances (reactants) transform into entirely new substances (products) with different chemical compositions and properties, involving the breaking and forming of chemical bonds and the rearrangement of atoms. Examples: egg in vinegar, baking soda with vinegar, fireworks.
What is thermal energy?
The energy causing the particles of matter to move. It allows moves from matter with greater thermal energy to matter with less thermal energy, so it moves from warmer to cooler substances.
What is boiling point?
The temperature when a liquid turns into a gas (vapor), occurring when the liquid vapor pressure equals the surrounding atmosphere pressure, causing bubbles to form and rise.
At what temperature a solid turn into a liquid?
32 degrees F.