Particle Motion & Energy
This energy measure represents the motion of particles within a substance.
What is kinetic energy?
This phase change occurs when energy is added to a liquid, turning it into a gas.
What is boiling/evaporation/vaporization?
When thermal energy is added to a substance, its particles do this.
What is speed up and spread apart?
When a balloon was placed in hot water during the class demo, it experienced this change.
What is inflation?
On a phase change diagram, these flat horizontal line sections represent periods where temperature does this.
What is stay the same?
When a substance is heated, its particles do these two things.
What is speed up and spread apart?
When thermal energy is removed from a gas, it undergoes this process to become a liquid.
What is condensation?
Cooling a liquid or gas removes thermal energy, causing its particles to make this change in motion.
What is slowing down and getting closer?
Placing a balloon in cold water caused it to shrink because the air particles inside did this.
What is slowed down and got closer together?
Temperature stays constant during a phase change because thermal energy is being used for this instead of increasing particle motion and raising temperature.
What is spreading apart the particles?
In a solid, particles do not flow freely; instead, they move in this specific manner.
What is vibrate in place?
During melting, particles speed up and begin to do this instead of staying locked in place.
What is slide past each other?
This phase change occurs when thermal energy is removed from a liquid.
What is freezing?
Though a heated balloon expands, the total amount of air inside stays constant because this value does not change.
What is number of particles (matter)?
To accurately represent changes of state, a particle model must include particle spacing, motion, and clear labels showing this.
What is energy being added or removed?
According to Kinetic Molecular Theory, a rise in a substance's temperature is caused by an increase in this.
What is an increase in kinetic energy/particle motion?
During a phase change, temperature stays the same because the energy is doing this.
What is being used to change the particle spacing?
Melting and evaporation are examples of phase changes that occur when energy is transferred in this direction.
What is added?
Generally speaking, this state of matter has the highest density because its particles are packed tightly together.
What is solid?
A particle model comparing solid, liquid, and gas states illustrates that adding energy leads to increases in these two particle traits.
What is spreading out and speeding up?
When thermal energy is removed from a liquid, its particles experience this change in motion.
What is slow down and get closer together?
The phase change where a solid transforms directly into a gas without turning into a liquid first.
What is sublimation?
Placing a balloon in a freezer causes it to shrink because thermal energy is transferred in this way.
What is removed from the air particles inside the balloon?
When a substance melts, its density usually decreases because the particles gain energy and do this.
What is spread further apart?
Temperature increases/decreases during the slanted line on a phase change diagram because the energy is used to do this.
What is change particle motion?