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Kinetic Theory
Liquids
Solids
Gas
Changes of State
100
The energy an object has based on its motion.
What is kinetic energy?
100
The atoms in a liquid.
What is loosely packed?
100
The atoms in solids.
What is tightly packed?
100
The atoms in gas.
What is spread out?
100
The change of a substance from a solid to a vapor without passing through the liquid state.
What is sublimation?
200
All matter consist of tiny particles that are constantly in motion.
What is kinetic theory?
200
This state of matter can take the shape of any container
What is a liquid?
200
The smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric shape of the crystal.
What is a unit cell?
200
Force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object.
What is gas pressure?
200
Occurs in solids with vapor pressures that exceed atmospheric pressure at or near room temperature.
When does sublimation occur?
300
This word refers to motion
What does the word kinetic refer to?
300
The particles in a gas have no attractions while the particles in a liquid attract.
What is the difference between a liquid and a gas?
300
The three structures of solids.
What is a simple cubic, body-centered, and face-centered ?
300
An empty space with no particles and no pressure.
What is a vacuum?
300
Gives the conditions of temperature and pressure at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or a gas.
What is a phase diagram?
400
The motion of the particles in a gas is rapid, constant and random.
How does kinetic theory affect the motion of particles in a gas?
400
The interplay between disruptive motions of particles in a liquid and the attractions among the particles.
What determines the physical properties of liquids?
400
Reflects the arrangement of particles in a liquid.
What does the face of a crystal reflect?
400
Gas pressure is the result of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas simultaneously colliding with an object.
How does kinetic theory explain gas pressure?
500
The motion of particles can be increased, slowed down, or kept the same.
How does kinetic theory affect the motion of particles?
500
Reduces the amount of space between the particles in a liquid.
What are intermolecular attractions?
500
Lacks an ordered internal structure.
What is an amorphous solid?
500
1) The particles in a gas are considered to be small hard spheres with an insignificant volume 2) The motion of particles in a gas is rapid, constant, and random 3) All collisions between particles in a gas are perfectly elastic
What are the three assumptions of kinetic theory as it applies to gasses?
500
At temperatures below 0.016°C.
When are solids and liquids in equilibrium?