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The Nature of Gases
The Nature of Liquids
The Nature of Solids
Changes of State
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100
The _____ theory states that tiny particles in matter are in constant motion.
Kinetic
100
Liquids and solids are known as _____ states of matter.
Condensed
100
The smallest group of particles in a crystal that retains the shape of a crystal is an _____.
Unit cell
100
AT, ST, or NT... At the triple point, solid, liquid, and gas can exist in equilibrium with one another.
AT
100
What is an allotrope?
Two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same state.
200
Atmostpheric pressure _____ with an increase in elevation.
Decreases
200
During evaporation, only those molecules that possess a certain _____ can escape from the surface of a liquid.
Minimum kinetic energy
200
A solid that lacks an ordered internal structure is an _____ solid.
Amorphous
200
AT, ST, or NT... A phase diagram shows the temperature and pressure conditions at which a substance exists as a solid, liquid, and gas or vapor.
AT
200
What is sometimes called "supercooled liquids"?
Glass
300
An increase in the _____ of a substance corresponds to an increase in the average kinetic energy of its particles.
Temperature
300
At the boiling point, the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the _____.
External pressure
300
AT, ST, or Nt... Solids are dense and able to flow.
NT
300
The change of a substance from a solid to a vapor without passing through the liquid state is called _____.
Sublimation
300
What is a fluid?
A substance that can flow (gases and liquids).
400
The energy an object has because of its motion is _____ energy.
Kinetic
400
AT, ST, or NT... The change of a substance to vapor is called vaporization.
ST
400
What is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid?
The melting point.
400
What is it called when a vapor changes straight into solid?
Deposition.
400
When this conversion occurs at the surface of a liquid that is not boiling, the process is called _____.
Evaporation
500
In the kinetic theory, it is assumed that the collisions between gas particles are perfectly _____.
Elastic
500
AT, ST, or NT... Water boils at 100 C.
ST
500
AT, ST, or NT... Molecular compounds have higher melting points than ionic compounds.
NT
500
What temperature is the triple point of water at?
0.016 C
500
_____ is the temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases.
Absolute zero