States of Matterrrrrrr

Vocab.

100

What is Absolute Zero?

the temperature at which the motions of particles stop moving

0K

Never Achieved

200

What is an allotrope?

different forms of same element in same physical state

300

What is sublimation?

EXTRA POINTS...What is the opposite of sublimation?

When the vapor pressure of some solids high enough that they pass from a solid directly to a gas without becoming a liquid. 

Deposistion

400

What is an amorphous solid? 

Example?

lack oredered internal structure (not crystal)

EX: plastic, rubber, asphalt, glass

500

What is a Half Life?

time that it takes for 1/2 a sample to decompose

-the rate of a nuclear transformtation depends only on the "reactant" concentration

List

100

What are the 5 States of Matter?

Solids, liquids, gases, plasma, and Bose Einstein Condensate

200

Name the three types of radiation

Alpha (positively charged helium isotope)

Beta (an electron formed from decomposition of a neutron)

Gamma (pure energy, ray over particle)

300

What does VESPR stand for?

Valence Shell Election Pair Repulsion

400

Name Four Lewis Structures

Tetrahedral, Linear, Trigonal Pyramid, Trigonal Planar, Bent

500

Name two to three devices used to detect radiation

1. Geiger Counter- tube with neutral gas. Best for Beta

2. Scintillation Counter- flash of light occurswhen ions strike phosphor. Works for all types of radiation.

3. Film Batch- photographic film encased in holder

Lewis Dot Structure

100

Draw Lewis Dot Structure for As

As with five dots

200

Lewis dot structure of diatomic I2

I-I i=with six dots on each I

300

How many valence electrons are in CF4

32

400

Lewis Dot Structure of CN- and number of valence electrons

C triple bonded to N   each element has two other dots

500

Lewis Dot Structure of N2H2 and number of valence electrons and whether it is polar or nonpolar

H-Ntriple bondN-H

Calculations

100

An increase in the average kinetic energy causes the temperature to

increase

200

convert 1.5 atm to both kPa and Hg

150 kPa

1100 mmHg

300

The half life of I-123 is 13 hours. How much of a 64 mg sample of I-123 is left after 39 hours?

mass                      I

64                        0

32                        13

16                        26

8                          39

SO 8 mg after 39 hours

400

What does 239            become?

                      U

                92

0                     239

    e      +                Np

-1                   93

500

If the melting point is 0 degrees celius, what is the freezing point?

THEY ARE THE SAME!!

Random

100

Conversions of Atm, kPa, and mmHg at sea level

1 Atm=101.3kPa=760 mmHg

200

What is the differnece between polar and nonpolar molecules?

a polar molecule has a positive and negative pull evenly distributed

H-Cl

nonpolar molecules don't have a polar and nonpolar side

O-CO

300

Define Kinetic Molecular Theory

DOUBLE POINTS: Name the three properties of gases based on the KMT

tiny particles in all forms of matter are always in motion

1. all gases are made of particles with lots of empty space and no forces or attrations between the particles

2. Gas particles move rapidly and are always in constant motion and move in straight paths independent from each other and change paths when collide

3. Collisons are elastic and kinetic energy is transferred from one particle to another

400

What is the difference between Polar and Nonpolar bonds?

Polar bonds are not the same element

Nonpolar bonds are the same element

500

Difference in Nuclear Fission and Fusion

Nuclear Fission splits atoms into smaller ones

Nuclear Fusion combines light atoms into heavier ones