Matter & Energy
This is the energy of motion
What is Kinetic Energy
This state of matter has a definite shape and definite volume, with particles that only vibrate
What is a solid
This phase change occurs when a solid turns into a liquid as heat is added
What is melting
This gas law states that volume is inversely proportional to pressure when temperature is constant
What is Boyle’s Law
The stored energy that an object has due to position or arrangement
What is Potential Energy
This theory states that all matter is made of small particles in constant random motion.
What is the Kinetic-Molecular Theory
This state of matter has a definite volume but an indefinite shape, with particles that can slide past each other
What is a liquid
This phase change occurs when a gas turns into a liquid as heat is removed
What is condensation
This gas law explains why a balloon expands when temperature increases at constant pressure
What is Charles’s Law
The sum of the kinetic and potential energy of particles in an object
What is Thermal Energy
According to this theory, gas pressure is caused by these interactions between particles and their container.
What are collisions with the walls of the container
This state of matter has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume, and its particles move freely and collide
What is a gas
This phase change describes a solid changing directly into a gas
What is sublimation
This gas law states that pressure is directly proportional to temperature when volume is constant
What is Gay-Lussac’s Law
The measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
What is Temperature
If temperature increases while mass stays constant, this happens to particle velocity due to changes in kinetic energy.
What is particle velocity increases
Compared to liquids, particles in this state have much weaker intermolecular forces and move completely freely
What is a gas
Unlike boiling, this process only occurs at the surface of a liquid and is influenced by pressure
What is evaporation
This law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture equals the sum of the partial pressures of each gas
What is Dalton’s Law
When temperature increases, what happens to the kinetic energy of the particles in an object?
They Increase
When volume decreases but temperature stays constant, pressure increases because of this change in particle behavior.
What is an increase in the frequency of collisions with the container walls
This explains why solids keep their shape while liquids flow and gases expand to fill a container
What is differences in intermolecular force strength and particle movement
During a phase change, temperature stays constant because energy is used for this instead of increasing kinetic energy
What is overcoming intermolecular forces
This equation relates pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of a gas into one formula (List the equation and law name)
What is the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT)