Subatomic Particles
What are the three main parts of an atom called?
Proton, Neutron, Electron
True or False: Electrically neutral objects do not attract or repel one another.
True
True or False: An electric field surrounds every charged object.
True
If electrons cannot easily move through a material, then the material is a(n)__________.
Insulator
True or False: An electric discharge is when an electron develops an unbalanced electric charge.
False: An electric discharge is the loss of an unbalanced electric charge. This means the atom goes from charged to neutral.
Define Conductor.
Conductor: material through which electrons can move easily
Which 2 subatomic particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
Objects can become charged when __________ move from one object to another.
electrons
When two charged objects have the same type of charge, the objects _____ each other. When two charged objects have different types of charge, the objects ________each other.
repel, attract
What do you call a material that allows electrons to move through it easily?
a conductor
Electric discharges can occur ______, such as when you brush your hair, or they can occur _______, such as when lightning strikes
slowly, quickly
Define Insulator.
Insulator: material through which electrons cannot move easily
Which subatomic particle is constantly spinning around the outside of the nucleus? What charge does this subatomic particle have?
Electrons, negative charge
Some materials hold electrons more loosely than other materials. As a result, electrons often move from one object to another. When this happens, the positive charge and negative charge on the objects are________
Increased
Unbalanced
Decreased
Equalized
Unbalanced
If the distance between two charged objects stays constant, then electric force __________ as the total amount of charge of the two objects increases.
increases
Electrons can transfer between objects by contact, _________, or __________.
induction, conduction
A lightning rod is __________ , which means it provides a path for electric charges to flow safely into the ground.
grounded
Define static charge.
Static Charge unbalanced electric charge on an object.
Normally, all atoms have an equal number of protons and electrons. Knowing this information, what kind of charge do most atoms have?
Neutral charge, or charge of zero
An object that gains electrons has a(n) _________ charge. c. An object that loses electrons has a(n) ___________ charge.
negative, positive
What's the name of the force electric fields apply to other charged objects?
Electric Force
An object is _________ when electrons are concentrated at one end of the object.
polarized
Why should you avoid touching metal surfaces during a lightning storm?
Metals are electric conductors and could conduct electricity from lightning, which could give you an electric shock.
Define electric force.
the force between charged objects
There are 118 known atoms. Some are naturally occurring, some are man-made. These atoms are organized on a table. What is the name of this table?
The Periodic Table of Elements
Periodic Table and Table of Elements are also acceptable answers.
A(n) ________ charge is an unbalanced electric charge on an object.
static
What are the 2 main factors that determine the strength of the electric force between charged objects?
The amount of charge on each object and the distance between them.
When conductors with unequal charge touch, electrons flow from the object that has a greater negative charge to the object that has a less negative charge in the process of___________.
conduction
Why should you never stand under a tree during a thunderstorm? Explain in terms of polarization
Because a tree is closer to the negatively charged cloud than the ground is, the tree becomes more polarized than the ground does. As a result, the lightning is more likely to strike the tree than the ground.
Define electric discharge.
Electric Discharge loss of an unbalanced electric charge. A material goes from charged to neutral.