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Key Words
Lightning Facts
Static Electricity
Lightning Safety
Chemistry Test
Term 1
100
What is static electricity made up of?
Electrons
100
What travels faster, the light or sound emitted from lightning?
Flash
100
What is Lightning?
A build-up of Static electricity in clouds.
100
In case you are caught in a lightning storm, where should you seek shelter? (Bonus 100, where next?)
A building. Bonus – Metal Vehicle
100
What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom, and what are their charges?
Protons and neutrons
200
Describe the interaction between two aluminium plates of the same charge and a balloon and woolen jumper of opposite charges.
Repulsion and attraction.
200
How many people die in Australia or get injured due to lightning on average every year?
5-10 and 100+
200
Can you be electrocuted by someone who has been struck by lightning? Why?
No, charge has already passed through person to ground.
200
Are you more likely to suffer a serious injury in wet or dry clothes? Explain.
Dry clothes.
200
Name two factors that could increase the rate of a chemical reaction between hydrochloric acid solution and pieces of solid calcium carbonate?
Increase surface area by using small particles of CaCO3, Increase temperature, Increasing concentration of HCl.
300
What are conductors and insulators?
Conducting materials allow the passage of electrons through them. Insulators do not have moving charged particles.
300
If there is a 15 second delay between flash and bang, approximately how far away is the lightning?
5 km
300
Explain why the Van der Graff generator is such a hair-raising demonstration?
Build-up of the same charge on each hair strand causes hair to be repelled by itself.
300
What is a lightning rod?
A metal pole on top of buildings connected by conductors to the ground designed to divert charge away from house.
300
A piece of zinc metal is added to a solution of copper sulfate. The products of this reaction are copper metal and zinc sulfate solution. Write the word equation on the board.
zinc (s) + copper sulfate (aq) --> copper (s) + zinc sulfate (aq)
400
Describe how Static Electricity is formed and how an electrical zap is formed (4 points).
Two objects friction. Transfer of electrons. Build up of static charge. Static discharge can occur to ground or oppositely charged material.
400
Apart from Open Fields (45%), what are the next two most common causes of lightning casualties? (on pie graph)
Under trees (23%) and water (swimming, boating, fishing 14%)
400
Why do we have to stand on a chair when touching the Van der Graff generator?
Chair is an insulator. Charge built up on the generator would discharge to the neutral ground, giving us a static electricity shock.
400
Describe the lightning desperation position. 4 points (100 for each).
Crouch with head down, Feet together, Spread out from others, Remove Metal objects.
400
List four possible indicators of a chemical change you could observe (100 points each).
Gas produced; Precipitate formed; Mass change; Light produced; Colour change; Heat produced or absorbed; Substance disappears;
500
Describe both parts of the 30-30 rule.
If 30 seconds or less ‘flash to bang’, seek proper shelter. Also wait 30 min or more after last thunder before leaving shelter.
500
Which parts of the body does lightning target (200)? Which parts of the house (200)? Where should you stay in the house for increased safety? (100)
Heart and lungs, electrical applicance/wiring and plumbing, head to inner rooms.
500
What is Induction?- A neutral Van der Graff generator sphere is charged by using a positively-charged balloon. What will be the charge distribution of the sphere in step e if steps a-d are followed? You have 2 minutes to explain what you see.
Balloon induces a separation of charges within the sphere as it attract electrons towards it. Electrons from ground are provided on the charged right side of the sphere by the hand. When hand is taken away, the sphere ends up having an overall negative charge. This charge then disperses across the surface of the sphere when the balloon is removed.
500
How far away should you stay from a 40 m pine tree in a lightning storm?
80 m
500
Describe which gas the glowing splint test identifies and how this works?
Gas is oxygen. Glowing splint is placed in gas and relights/glows brighter.