Measurement or Bust
In statistics, a sample is ________.
subset of a group to which a law of nature applies
What is reliability?
The consistency of a test or measurement.
The descriptive statistic that tells you the most frequently occurring value is the _________.
mode
What is a raw score?
The initial, unadjusted result from a test.
Why is cultural fairness important in testing?
To ensure tests are valid and unbiased across different populations.
What is the purpose of measurement in counseling?
To inform decisions, diagnose needs, and evaluate progress.
What is validity?
The degree to which a test measures what it claims to measure.
Name this formula:
One sample t-test
What is a self-report measure? Give some examples
client responses provide information about their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Ex. Beck Depression Inventory, SASSI
What are two ethical guidelines for using assessments?
Use reliable/valid tools and avoid tests with known biases.
Define descriptive statistics.
Statistics that summarize data, such as averages or percentages.
Who authored the first intelligence test?
Stanford Binet
What is the square root of the average of the squared differences between individual data values and the mean?
The standard deviation
What are some examples of standardized tests?
Wechsler (WISC/WAIS)
MMPI
BASC
Conner's
What is a common limitation of projective techniques like the Rorschach test?
Controversial reliability and validity.
What type of data uses categories or labels?
Qualitative
What are the items on a personality test that are designed to measure "truthfulness" of responses?
Validity Scales
Find the mean of the following data set:
10, 9, 4, 4, 8, 8, 8, 4, 7, 6, 11, 14, 27
9.23
What type of graph displays frequency of data intervals?
Histogram
Why must counselors review test manuals before using an assessment tool?
To evaluate the reliability, validity, and appropriateness of the tool for their population.
What is a variable, and what are the two main types?
A variable is a characteristic being measured; the two types are independent and dependent variables.
What types of assessments are valuable for gaining insight , but are not considered objective? Give an example.
Projective tests- Rorschach, Sentence Completion, House Tree Person
For a normal distribution, what percentage of data falls within one standard deviation of the mean?
68%
Why are standard scores important in assessment?
They allow comparisons across tests by converting raw scores to a common scale.
What are two considerations when using self-report inventories?
Possible underreporting/overreporting and cultural relevance.