Levels of Measurement
Types of Distribution
Central Tendency & Disp. Measures
100

Individuals: eye colors, religion, hair color, etc...

Nominal

100

Contains a few extremely positive (high) values

Positively Skewed Distribution

100

Mean, Median, Mode

Central Tendency Measures

200

One category is higher or lower than other categories

Ordinal

200

Contains only a few extremely low values

Negatively Skewed Distribution

200

The value that is in the center of middle of the distribution of a variable

Median

300

Have categories, ranking, and equal intervals

Interval-Ratio

300

Two peaks in the distribution

Bimodal Distribution

300

The arithmetic average of all the values (scores) of a variable

Mean

400

Education (L, M, H), Salary  (H, L), Age (Young, Old), 5 (or 7) point scale measure

Ordinal

400

Bell Shaped, Uni-modal (one mode)

Symmetric Distribution


400

Subtracting the lowest number from the highest number in a distribution

Range

500

Education (in years), Salary (in dollars), Age (in years), indexes and scales

Interval Ratio

500

All the values of the variables are the same

SIngle Value Distribution

500

The measure of a spread most commonly used in statistical practice when the mean is used to calculate the central tendency. Thus, it measures the spread around the mean.

Standard Deviation