Chapter 1
This is the lowest level of measurement for data.
What is nominal?
These are data values that are very different from other measurements in the data set.
What are outliers?
The mean, median and mode of this data set: {1, 2, 4, 4, 6, 7}
What is 4?
The probability of these two events occurring simultaneously is 0.
What are mutually exclusive events?
A type of variable that can take on only a finite number of values or a countable number of values.
What is a discrete random variable?
This phenomenon occurs when a subject receives no treatment but (incorrectly) believes he or she is in fact receiving treatment and responds favorable.
What is the placebo effect?
Class frequency divided by total of all frequencies.
What is relative frequency?
Seventy-three percent of data fall at or below this.
What is the 73rd percentile?
1 - P(A)
What is A compliment?
This will give us the probability of success on the nth trial.
What is the geometric probability distribution?
The study of how to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret numerical data information from data.
What is statistics?
The quotient of the different of the largest data value and the smallest data value and the desired number of classes.
What is class width?
The standard deviation divided by the mean multiplied by 100%.
What is the coefficient of variance?
The ways to arrange in order a selection of distinct objects from a group.
What are permutations?
These outcomes fall either more than 2.5 standard deviations above the expected value or less then 2.5 standard deviations below the expected value.
What are unusual values?
People or objects included in a study.
What are individuals?
A graph that displays cumulative frequencies.
What is an ogive?
For any set of data and for any constant k greater than 1, the proportion of the data that must lie within k standard deviations on either side of the mean is at least 1 - 1/(k^2).
What is Chebyshev's Theorem?
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
What is the General Addition Rule for any events A and B?
You can use this method if your number of trials is greater than or equal to 100 and your expected value is less than 10.
What is the Poisson approximation to the binomial probability distribution?
This sampling method divides the entire population into subgroups and a random sample is drawn from each group.
What is stratified sampling?
This term refers to a histogram in which the two classes with the largest frequencies are separated by at least one class.
What is bimodal?
This graphic sketch uses the five-number summary to display data.
What is a box and whisker plot?
In the long run, as the sample size increases, the relative frequencies of outcomes get closer and closer to the theoretical probability value.
What is the Law of Large Numbers?
P(r) = Cn, rprqn-2
What is the formula for the binomial probability distribution?