Term Definitions
Hypothesis Testing
Reject or Accept?
What type of test?
Wildcard
100
In hypothesis testing, the statement that the group is different from the population mean or proportion - or that two different groups are different from one another
What is the alternative hypothesis?
100
What type of test would we use to determine whether a group mean is different from the population mean?
What is a 1-sample hypothesis test for means?
100
Do you reject the null hypothesis or fail to reject the null hypothesis when the p-value is less than or equal to your alpha(significance) level?
What is reject the null hypothesis?
100
You are conducting a study to see if the proportion of voters who prefer a democratic candidate is significantly larger than 69%. According to your sample, 73 out of 93 potential voters prefer the democratic candidate. What type of test (test of proportions or means) should we use?
Proportion (question provides a percentage)
100
A chi-square of independence test is used to determine whether or not two variables are independent of one another. What level of measurement must these variables be? (hint: there are two)
What is nominal or ordinal?
200
In statistical testing, the hypothesis that there is no significant difference between specified populations
What is the null hypothesis?
200
What type of test would we use to determine whether a group proportion is different from the population proportion?
What is 1-sample hypothesis test for proportions?
200
Do you reject the null hypothesis or fail to reject the null hypothesis when the p-value is more than your alpha(significance) level?
What is fail to reject the null hypothesis?
200
The population is normally distributed and the standard deviation = 17.8. You obtain a sample (N=24) and the mean = 50.7. What type of test (test of proportions or means) should we use?
Difference of means (standard deviation is also provided).
200
A mayor is concerned about the percentage of city residents who express disapproval of his job performance. The mayor's political committee would like to see if the percentage of city residents disapproving of the mayor's performance is below 21%. They will use a follow up poll to access effectiveness. What are the correct null and alternative hypotheses?
H0: p=.21
H1: p < .21
300
This type of statistical calculation estimates a range for the true population mean or proportion
What is a confidence interval?
300
What type of test would we use to determine whether two group means are different from one another?
What is a 2-sample hypothesis test for means?
300
If Z(obtained) falls into the critical region, do we reject or fail to reject our null hypothesis (Ho)?
What is reject the null hypothesis?
300
What type of test do we use when the population standard deviation is unknown?
What is a t-test for the population mean? (This can be for a one-sample or two-sample test)
300
Which type of test has the following null and alternative hypothesis?
H0: the two variables are independent from each other
H1: the two variables are dependent
What is a chi-square test of independence?
400
The distribution of a statistic (such as a
mean or a proportion) of all possible
sample outcomes
What is the sampling distribution?
400
What type of test would we use to determine whether two group proportions are different from one another?
What is a 2-sample hypothesis test for proportions?
400
If t(obtained) does not fall into the critical region, do we reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis (Ho)?
What is fail to reject Ho?
400
The monthly violent crime rate in United States cities is 52.349 per 100,000 population. During COVID-19, one sample of 40 cities found to have an average crime rate of 42.392, with a standard deviation of 12.398. Are crime rates during COVID-19 significantly lower than the crime rates in general at an alpha of 0.05?
What type of hypothesis test would you use in this scenario?
What is a 1 sample test for means?
400
What is the equation when calculating degrees of freedom when conducting a chi-square test of independence?
What is (row-1)(column-1)?
500
A type of table (also called crosstabs) display frequencies for two nominal/ordinal variables
What is bivariate tables?
500
What type of test would we use to determine whether two variables are independent from each other?
What is a chi-square test of independence?
500
****DAILY DOUBLE****
Draw a normal distribution (curve) and show the areas in which you would reject and fail to reject Ho.
500
We want to investigate whether the number of days it takes for judges to make a decision (order) varies. Judges in St. Louis county (N=78) made judicial decisions 12.7 days after a trial concluded with a standard deviation of 6.1. Judges in Jefferson County (N=54) made judicial decisions on average 14.9 days after a trial concluded with a standard deviation of 10.2. Were judges in St. Louis and Jefferson county significant different in average time it took to make a judicial order at an alpha of 0.05?
What is a 2 sample test for means?
500
Since you all have mastered stats over the last semester, your friend approaches you and asks you how to conduct a hypothesis test. You tell them "no problem, here are the five steps you'll need to know to get started!" What are the five steps when conducting a hypothesis test?
1.) State your assumptions
2.) State your research hypotheses (Null and alternative)
3.) Select your sampling distribution (z-distribution, t-distribution) and specify the test statistic you will need to calculate.
4.) Compute your test statistic
5.) Make a decision (whether or not you are rejecting or failing to reject the null hypothesis) --> interpret results in the context of the problem