cells
what is it called when stem cells turn into a different type of cell?
cell differentiation
What is the gel-like substance called inside all cells?
cytoplasm
When animal embryos look similar early in their development it is most likely because they share a ______ _______
common ancestor
What type of symmetry does an amoeba have?
asymmetrical- they can change shape and essentially "blob around"
How do chloroplasts help euglena survive?
by allowing them to make their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis
What it is called when a cell splits into more cells?
cell division
what is the ribosomes' role in the cell?
to make proteins
What happens to the cells in a eukaryotic organism as it ages and grows?
they undergo cell division to create more cells
What type of symmetry does a human have?
bilateral symmetry
What is the function of the flagellum in some unicellular organisms such as the vorticella?
To help the organism move through it's watery environment
what 4 things do ALL cells have regardless of what type of cell they are?
Why is the cell membrane called "semipermeable"?
A clone is a living organism that is genetically __________ to another living organism
identical
What type of symmetry does a hydra have?
radial symmetry
What is the difference between an animal cell and a plant cell?
1. plant cells are square/rectangular while animal cells are usually round
2. plant cells are more tightly packed, organized
3. plant cells have a thick cell wall and animal cells do not
What is the main difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus while prokaryotic cells don't
Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid- the genetic material that determines the traits of a cell and organism
What are some potential benefits of using stem cells?
healing damaged tissue and curing certain diseases/disorders
What is a zygote?
The first cell created in the development of an organism after fertilization occurs
What are the characteristics of a multicellular organism?
1. if one cell is damaged, it can just be replaced through cell division
2. they have specialized cells to carry out certain functions instead of one cell doing everything
3. the cells work together to form tissues and organs that perform life functions
What are the the 3 parts of the Cell Theory?
1) all organisms are made up of 1 or more cells
2) cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
3) all cells come from existing cells
Where is the DNA for a eukaryotic cell stored?
In the nucleus (prokaryotic cells don't have nuclei)
why is the use of embryonic stem cells considered controversial (potentially bad)?
It kills the human embryo and there is no guarantee that it will work to cure/heal the person
What are the little hair-like structures on the outside of certain unicellular organisms such as the euglena that help them move?
cilia
What are the characteristics of a unicellular organism?
1. when the cell gets damaged, it could cause the organism to die
2. simpler than organisms made of eukaryotic cells
3. all cells of the species are identical
4. the cell performs all life functions using it's organelle