Space Systems
Describe the Big Bang Theory.
The theory that all matter and energy in the universe was compressed into an extremely small volume (singularity) that 13.7 billion years ago exploded and began expanding in all directions.
The layers of the Earth in order from surface to center.
What are the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core?
Weather is short term, climate is long term average of weather events/factors
The difference between kinetic and potential energy.
Kinetic energy has to do with motion. potential energy has to do with position
The difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources
Nonrenewable resources take millions of years to be replenished.
The factor that determines a star's life cycle.
What is its mass?
The difference between continental and oceanic crust.
Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.
This factor impacts climate due to a location's distance from sea level.
Describe gravitational potential energy.
It is energy associated with gravity or gravitational force. (Higher position = more GPE)
Two ways you can lower your carbon footprint
Using less electricity, recycling, carpooling, composting, reducing water waste etc.
Two pieces of evidence that support the Big Bang Theory.
What are Redshift and Cosmic Background Radiatoin (CBR)?
This was the missing detail in the Theory of Continental Drift which caused Wegener to be ignored.
What is the mechanism of mantle convection? (How the continents were moving)
This factor is described by a surface's ability to reflect or absorb light.
What is albedo?
Describe the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferred.
This example of human impact is the result of the release of CFCs into our atmosphere and leads to increased risk of skin cancer and cataracts
What is ozone layer depletion?
The season experienced by the Northern Hemisphere when Earth is aphelion.
What is summer?
List 2 pieces of evidence to support Alfred Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift.
What are the coastlines matching up and fossil evidence?
The characteristics of El Niño and La Niña
El Niño: refers to the above-average sea-surface temperatures that periodically develop across the east-central equatorial Pacific.
La Niña: Refers to the periodic cooling of ocean surface temperatures in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific.
A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?
W = F x d
W = 0 J
This type of fuel stores the energy from the sun
What is biomass?
List and describe each of Kepler's three Laws of Planetary Motion
1st Law: Law of Ellipses (Planetary orbits are shaped like an ellipse around two foci)
2nd Law: Law of Equal Areas (Equal areas of the ellipse are swept in equal amounts of time)
3rd Law: Law of Harmonies (The closer a planet is to the sun, the shorter the orbital period is)
This process was described by scientist Harry Hess and was considered the missing piece of evidence regarding the theory of Continental Drift.
What is seafloor spreading?
Describe how latitude affects climate/weather as you move away from the equator
There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles.
At higher latitudes, the Sun's rays are less direct. The farther an area is from the equator, the lower its temperature. At the poles, the Sun's rays are least direct. Much of the area is covered with ice and snow, which reflect a lot of sunlight.
A medicine ball has a mass of 15 kg and is thrown with a speed of 2 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?
Describe the impact of increased CO2 levels in our atmosphere
Causes the Greenhouse Gas Effect, trapping heat against the planet and altering global climate patterns.