EYES
Prsentation of Blepharitis
Burning, itching of the eyelids, discharge, and often FBS
What is CHARGE syndrome
Coloboma, heart defects, atresia choanae, growth retardation, genitourinary abnormalities
Suicidal behavior in the CSF
low levels of 5-HIAA
What populations are vulvar liden sclerosis seen
premenarchal girls and postmenopausal women
Pseudoachalasia is what? tx?
due to narrowing of distal esophagus secondary to causes other that n devervation (?). TX: endoscopy to exclude malignancy
What is a hordeolum
**HORDS HURT**; A stye; acute inflammatroy disorder of the eyelash follicle and presents as TENDER erythematous nodule at lid margin
Generalized slowing with periodic sharp wave complexes on EEG and increased CSF 14-3-3 protein seen in
Creutzfeld Jacob Dz
Early onset HTN and bilateral upper abdominal masses has? How do you diagnose it?
AD-polycystic kidney disease (AD PKD); diagnose through abdominal U/S or CT showing enlarged kidneys with numerous cysts
Obstructive sleep apnea in kids shows what
secondary enuresis
How do you diagnose bronchiectasis
using high resolution CT scan of chest
1st line of TX for Open angle glaucoma
Topical prostaglandin (latanoPROST); 2nd line of tx is B Blocker (timOLOL)
Nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a cause of what
Gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty. Pt's will have premature secondary characteristics (pubic hair, cystic acne), accelerated growth/bone age. low/normal LH levels
presentation of HIV neuropathy and tx?
distal, symmetrcial, polyneuropathy that begins with numbness/tingling/pain in the feet and progresses proximally. Gapapentin is the 1st line for symptomatic management
Congenital ZIKA presentation
microcephaly, calcification, craniofacial disproportion
Pts with subclavian steal syndrome present with
Upper extremity ischemia or vertebrobasilar insuff (dizziness, ataxia, and dysequilibrium) wosens by upper extremity exercise
Acute angle glaucoma presentation
Headache, ocular pain/eyebrow pain, vomiting, fixed/dilated pupil
Myotonic dystrophy characteristics
Grip myotonia which is difficulty opening the hand after squeezing it closed (highly suggestive of MD)
Classic risk factor of carbon monoxide poisoning
What is branchial cleft cyst? and location?
congenital mass that presents later in childrent after a URT infection. Located inferior to mandible and anterior to sternocleidomastoid
what is a hepatic hydrothorax
pleural effusion due to small defects in the diaphragm
Major risk factor of actinic keratosis and what is it a precursor of
Chronic sun exposure; squamous cell carcinoma
Most common cause of liver cirrhosis in the US?
Chronic viral infection
How often after exposure does norovirus manifest
1-2 days aftr exposure (36 hrs)
BPPV is due to what
crystalline debris in the semicircular canals that disrupt normal flow of fluid in the vestibular system
how do you tx a spontaneous pneumothorax < 2 cm
IV heparin infusion