Definitions
the calculation of quantities of any substances involved in a chemical reaction from the quantities of the other substances
What is Stoichiometry?
The first step to solving a stoichiometry problem.
What is balancing the equation?
The reactant that is used up.
What is limiting reactant?
Equal number of moles on reactants and products side.
What is a balanced equation?
To convert from mass in grams to moles you would use this many conversion factors. What are they and explain how you use them.
2; molar mass and Avogadro's number
The number of each type of atom in H2O
What is:
2 Hydrogens
1 Oxygen
Molar Mass is the ________ of all the atomic masses of the elements in compound.
sum
What is the percent by mass of oxygen in carbon dioxide?
72.7%
Calculate the molar mass of carbon dioxide.
44.01 g/mol
Ratios of coefficients from balanced chemical equations aka conversion factors. Also ratio of moles from reactants and products.
What is reacting ratio?
The second step to solving a stoichiometry problem.
What is converting units of your given substance into units of moles?
Calculate the amount of product that could be made from each reactant, assuming excess of the other one.
What is a way to calculate limiting reactant?
What is balancing an equation?
How many molecules of Na2O are in 123.96 grams?
1.2 x 1024 Na2O molecules
The number of each kind of atom in NaHCO3
Na=1
H=1
C=1
O=3
One mole of any substance has Avogadro’s number of particles (atoms, ions, molecules, formulas) equal to ____________________________.
6.022 x 1023 particles
Find the percent composition of hydrogen in carbon tetrahydride (common name, methane)
25.14%
Calculate the molar mass of acetate (C2H3O2-1)
59.04 g/mol
Any other reactant that is left over.
What is excess?
The third step to solving a stoichiometry problem.
What is calculating the moles of substances yielded by the reaction using the mole ratio?
Dividing the moles of each reactant by its coefficient in the balanced chemical equation.
What is an additional way to find limiting reactant?
Interpret the following balanced equation in words.
2 P(s) + 3 Cl2(g) → 2 PCl3(l)
What is two atoms of phosphorus react with three molecules of Cl2 to produce two molecules of PCl3?
OR
What is Two moles of phosphorus react with three moles of Cl2 to produce two moles of PCl3.
How many grams are in 2.15 mole of NaCl?
124.612 grams NaCl
The number of each kind of atom in Al2(SO4)3
Al=2
S=3
O=12
One mole of any substance has mass in grams equal to its _______________________.
Molar Mass
Find the percent composition of carbon in carbon tetrahydride.
75.06%
Calculate the Molar Mass of Magnesium chloride
95.21 g/mol
reactant that is completely used up in your first chemical equation.
What is the limiting quantity?
The fourth step to solving a stoichiometry problem.
What is converting moles of wanted substance to desired units?
Find the amount of each reactant needed to completely use up the other reactant. Disregard the scenario that requires more of a reactant than is actually present
What is another way to calculate limiting reactant?
Balance the equation.
H3PO4 + KOH → K3PO4 + H2O
What is H3PO4 + 3KOH → K3PO4 + 3H2O ?
How many moles of calcium are in 100.2 grams of calcium?
2.5 moles Calcium
The number of each kind of atom in Ca(C2H3O2)2
Ca=1
C=4
H=6
O=4
(T/F) One mole of iron has more atoms than one mole of copper.
False
What is the percent by mass of fluorine in selenium hexafluoride?
59.07%
Calculate the molar mass of Sodium Hydroxide
40.00 g/mol
When the limiting quantity is used up.
What is completion?
Calculate the number of H2 molecules produced from the reaction of 0.450 mol HCl with sufficient calcium. Given the equation below.
HCl(aq) + Ca(s) → H2(g) + CaCl2(aq)
What is 1.35×1023 H2 molecules ?
After the reaction of 0.450 mol HF with 0.340 mol NaOH is complete, how much excess reactant remains? Use the given equation.
HF(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaF(aq) + H2O(l)
What is .11 moles HF?
Balance the equation.
Al(s) + O2(g) → Al2O3(s)
What is 4 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Al2O3(s) ?
How many grams of KCl are in 1.806 x 1024 formula units ?
221.8 grams KCl
The number of each kind of atom in 4 Al2(CO3)3
Al=8
C=12
O=36
(T/F) One mole of gold and one mole of silver have the same mass.
False
Consider the compound AlCl3. What is the percent by mass of chlorine?
79.8%
Calculate the molar mass of (NH4)2SO4
132.13 g/mol