Julius Caesar
What did Caesar do to gain the trust of his soldiers?
He trained them, paid them well, and fed them plenty.
What is the Rubicon River?
The border of Roman land.
Who was Octavian related to?
Julius Caesar (he was his nephew and adopted son).
Why did the Senate not want Caesar to be king?
They didn’t want to lose their power.
What phrase is used today to describe an important decision, inspired by Caesar?
Crossing the Rubicon.
What country did Caesar want to conquer most?
Britain.
Why was crossing the Rubicon a big deal?
It meant starting a civil war in Rome.
How did Octavian gain popularity with the Roman people?
He gave a big party and presents to the poor.
What did the Senate think of Octavian at first?
He was too young and too much like Caesar.
Which months are named after Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar?
July and August.
What did Caesar send back to Rome after his battles?
Messages about his victories.
What phrase do we still use today that comes from Caesar crossing the Rubicon?
“Let the die be cast.”
How old was Octavian when Caesar died?
Nineteen.
What did the Senate call Octavian to avoid naming him king?
First Citizen.
Why is Augustus considered Rome’s first emperor?
He ruled with total control, even though he wasn’t called king.
What book did Caesar write about his wars?
The Gallic Wars.
What happened when Caesar crossed the Rubicon?
His army marched into Rome, and Pompey fled.
What title did the Senate give Octavian instead of king?
“First Citizen.”
Why did the Senate name a month after Augustus?
To honor him as Rome’s first emperor.
How did Octavian avoid making the same mistakes as Caesar?
He pretended to give up power and acted humble.
What did Caesar do that started a civil war?
He crossed the Rubicon River.
What does “crossing the Rubicon” mean today?
Making a decision you can’t undo.
What new name did Octavian receive?
Augustus Caesar.
What does “princeps” mean in Latin?
First Citizen.
What was one way both leaders influenced Roman culture?
They expanded Rome’s territory and strengthened its power.