Vocabulary
The study of the biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to illness and health.
What is health psychology?
Felt by the body; this can affect physical health by altering body functions, leading to physical symptoms, illness, or disease.
What is direct stress?
a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
What is an antigen?
Approach-approach, approach-avoidance, avoidance-avoidance
What are the three primary types of conflict?
B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes
What are the two forms of white blood cells?
Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
What is General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
a personality type in which people are more relaxed, patient, and non-aggressive
What is a Type B personality?
The field that studies the relationship among psychological factors, the nervous system, and immune system functioning.
What is Psychoneuroimmunology?
A temporary pattern of stressor-activated arousal with a distinct onset and limited duration.
What is acute stress?
disturbing memories, nightmares, flashbacks, and other distressing symptoms
What are the Symptoms of PTSD?
fight or flight
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus and acts directly against antigens in cell-mediated immune responses. Fights cancer viruses and disease-causing agents that B failed to ward off.
What are T lymphocytes (T cells)?
father of modern stress; an endocrinologist; proposed that the body passes through a predictable sequence of changes in response to stressors. (Came up with General Adaptation Syndrome)
Who is Hans Selye?
personality type that describes people who are competitive, aggressive, impatient, ,and hostile; more prone to cardiovascular disease
What is a Type A personality?
response to perceived threats or challenges resulting from stimuli or events that cause strain
What is stress?
Caused by a moment or torsion ; high levels of stress can interfere with cognitive abilities, such as attention, concentration, memory, and decision making. These can increase the likelihood of accidents and injuries.
What is indirect stress?
leading cause of PTSD in men
What is Military Combat?
Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
What is avoidance-avoidance conflict?
Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms
What are white blood cells?
first stage; fight or flight response
What is alarm stage of GAS?
good nutrition, physical exercise, and relaxation techniques
What are coping stress skills?
a psychological disorder caused by exposure to a situation of extreme danger and stress; symptoms include recurrent dreams or recollections; can interfere with social activities and cause a feeling of hopelessness
What is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Continuous stressful arousal persisting over time.
What is chronic stress?
stimuli that cause both psychological and physiological reaction; causes stress
What is a stressor?
Conflict that results from having to choose between two attractive alternatives
What is approach-approach conflict?
regarded by some as the father of the scientific study of human sexuality; with his colleagues, was the first to try to scientifically and objectively examine sexual behavior of Americans
Who is Alfred Kinsey?
hypertension and arthritis; signs start to show during resistance stages of GAS
What is a disease of adaptation?
organized person who sees stress or stressors as challenges or opportunities
What is a hardy person?
high blood pressure
What is hypertension?
negative stress; stress response to unpleasant and undesirable stressors
What is distress?
Researcher on positivity and illness; was terminally ill then reversed it through positive outlook; research interest was the connection between attitude and health
Who is Norman Cousins?
rest and digest
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
lymphocytes which mature in the bone marrow and that are involved in the production of antibodies that chemically inhibit bacteria
What are B lymphocytes (B cells)?
second stage; body functions normalize while responding to the stressor. The body attempts to cope with the stressor
What is the resistance stage of GAS?
a technique that involves providing visual and auditory information about biological processes, allowing a person to control physiological activity (for example heart rate, blood pressure, skin temperature)
What is biofeedback?
work-related stress, which often comes from occupational duties for which people perceive themselves as having a great deal of responsibility, yet little or no authority or decision-making latitude
What is occupational stress?
Techniques that use relaxation to reverse the alarm reaction and avoid stress, such as abdominal breathing, transcendental meditation, biofeedback, and progressive muscle relaxation.
What are relaxation techniques?
stress leads to disease
What is the stress and disease relationship?
Conflict that results from having to choose between two attractive alternatives
What is approach-approach conflict?
repeated use can lead to this, the more you use it, the more you need to achieve the same effects
What is the tolerance stage?
third stage; if the client reaches this stage, body functions are no longer able to maintain an adaptive response to the stressor; leads to illness, exhaustion, or death
What is the exhaustion stage of GAS?
those who feel down or lethargic during winter months (Seasonal Affective Disorder) "winter blues"
What is winter depressive disorder?